DEER. 387 



not carry tusks. The best known species is the common red brocket (C. ruftts) — 



the one represented in our illustration — of North-Eastern Brazil and Guiana, where 



it ranges from Surinam to Pernambuco. It is a rather clumsily-built animal, 



standing 27 inches in height at the withers, and of a uniform reddish brown colour. 



The nearly allied Brazilian brocket (C. simplicicornis), is a rather smaller species, 



standing only 21 inches in height, and distinguished by its lighter and more elegant 



shape, as well as by the more decided brown colour of the fur, especially in the 



young. This species ranges over the greater part of Brazil, and extends westwards 



into Colombia. The other two species are the Ecuador brocket (C. rufinus), found 



in Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, and Guatemala ; and the wood-brocket (C nerrwri- 



vagus), from Surinam and Trinidad, both of which are only 19 inches in height. 



The former has fur of a full glossy red colour, with the face and legs shaded 



bluish brown; while the latter differs from all the rest by the pepper-and-salt 



colour of its hair. Fossil remains of brockets occur in the caverns of Lagoa 



Santa, in Brazil, which probably belong to species still inhabiting the same 



districts. 



Brockets are found either alone or in pairs, and never collect in 

 Habits. . 



herds ; a male and female apparently associating for life. The does 



produce usually but a single fawn at a birth, in December or January ; and the 



young are able to follow their mother in from three to five days. The speed of 



the brockets is considerable, but not enduring, and they can be easily ridden down 



by a good horse, while, when the cover is not too thick, hounds will generally 



capture them within half an hour. 



The Costa Rica deer (C. clavatus), of Central America, is another 

 Costa Rica Deer. . . . - . 



small species with spike-like antlers, which appears to form a group 



by itself, connecting the brockets with the succeeding groups. This deer is of a 



uniform reddish yellow colour, like the Virginian deer ; and differs from the brockets, 



and agrees with the following groups in that the hair of the face is directed 



uniformly backwards, while it likewise resembles those that follow in the smaller 



size of the naked portion of the muzzle, and in the less arched profile of the face. 



The third group of the genus is represented by two South 

 Guemals. . .... 



American species of medium size, which are confined to the Andes, 



where they are known as guemals. They are distinguished by the antlers forming 



a single fork, of which the front prong is the longer, and is projected forwards in 



the manner characteristic of the genus ; by the presence of tusks in the upper jaws 



of both sexes, and also by the uniform coloration of the fawns. Of the two species, 



the Chilian guemal (C. chilensis) ranges from Santiago to Magellan, but is far more 



scarce in the northern than the southern portion of this tract ; while the Peruvian 



guemal (G. antisiensis) is a northern form from the highlands of Peru. 



The pampas, or Guazuti deer (C. campestris), represented in the 



illustration on the next page, brings us to a fourth group of the 



genus, confined to South America, and characterised by the antlers being regularly 



forked, with the hinder prong — and sometimes also the front one — again forking ; 



while there is no sub-basal snag above the burr. The two species of this group are 



further characterised by the absence of tusks in the upper jaw, the shortness of 



the tail, and the uniform coloration of the fawns. They are confined to the eastern 



