CONTENTS vii 



PAGE 



fugce) — The False Scorpions (Order Pseudoscorpiones) — The Harvest-Spiders (Order 

 Opiliones) — Suborder Laniatores — Suborder Palpatores — Group Ricinulei — The 

 Mites and Ticks (Order Acari) — Aberrant Types, ..... 204 



CHAPTER VII. — The Jointed Animals, — concluded. The Sea-Spiders, King-Crabs, 

 Crustaceans, etc., — Classes Pantopoda, Oigantostraca, Crustacea, etc. 



Characters of Sea- Spiders— The King-Crabs (Class Oigantostraca)— Existing Forms (Order 

 Xiphosura)— Order Merostomata— Order Trilobita — Crabs, Lobsters, Crayfish, etc. 

 (Class Crustacea)— Characteristics of the Class — Typical Crustaceans (Subclass Malaco- 

 straca)— Order Decapoda — Short- Tailed Group (Suborder Brachyura) — Long-Tailed 

 Group (Suborder Macrura) — Cleft-Footed Group (Order Schizopoda) — The Mantis- 

 Shrimps (Order Stomatopoda) — Sessile-Eyed Series (Edriophthalmata) — Order Isopoda 

 — Order Amphipoda — Subclass Entomostraca — The Barnacles (Order Cirripedia) — 

 Bivalved Group (Order Ostracoda) — Oar- Footed Group (Order Copepoda) — Order 

 Cladocera — Leaf- Footed Group (Order Phrjllopoda) — Class Prototracheata, . . 248 



CHAPTER VIII. — Stone-Lilies, Star-Fishes, Sea-Urchins, and Sea-Cucumbers,— 



Subkingdom Echinodermata. 



Characteristics of the Group— Distinction of the Classes— Mode of Life— The Cystids (Class 

 Cystidea)— The Stone-Lilies or Crinoids (Class Crinoidea) — The Blastoids (Class Blas- 

 toidea) — The Star-Fishes (Class Asteroidea) — The Brittle Stars (Class Ophiuroidea) — 

 The Sea-Urchins (Class Echinoidea) — The Sea-Cucumbers (Class Holothuroidea) — De- 

 velopment of Echinoderms, . . . . . . . . 289 



CHAPTER IX.— The Molluscs, or Shell-Fish,— Subkingdom Mollusca. 



Definition of the Group — Growth — Coloration — Age— Reproductive System — Food — Organs 

 of Sense — Locomotion — Uses in Nature and to Man — Noxious Molluscs— Distribution — 

 Classification — Squids, Cuttle-Fishes, and Nautili (Class Cephalopoda) — Characteristics 

 — Two-Gilled Group (Order Dibranchiata) — Octopus Tribe (Octopodidre) — Other Families 

 — Argonautida: — Suborder Decapoda — Squids (Loliginidm) — Sepiolidce— Onyclioteuthidm 

 and Chiroteuthidw — The Cuttle-Fishes (Sepiida^) — Spirulidw — Four-Gilled Group (Order 

 Tetrabranchiata) — Nautilida; — Allied Families, ...... 320 



CHAPTER X. — The Molluscs,— continued. Class Gastropoda. 



Distinctive Features of Gastropods— Lung-Breathing Group (Order Pulmonata) — Suborder 

 Stylommatophora — Shelled Slugs (Testacellidce) — True Slugs (Limacidai) — The Snail 

 Tribe (Helicidce) — Other Families — Suborder Basommatophora — Earlet Shells (Auri- 

 culidw) — Pond-Snails, etc. (Limnceidw., Physida?, and Chilinidre) — Hind-Gilled Group 

 (Order Opisthobranchiata) — Naked-Gilled Subgroup (Suborder Nudibranchiata) — Sec- 

 tion Anthobranchiata — Doris Tribe (Doridopsida', Doridaz, etc.) — Section Inferobranchiata 

 — Section Polybranchiata — Section Pellibranchiata — Section Parasita — Covered-Gilled 

 Subgroup (Suborder Tectibranchiata) — Suborder Pteropoda — Sections Gymnosomata and 

 Thecosomata — Front-Gilled Group (Order Prosobranchiata) — Suborder Pectinibranchiata 

 — Section Toxoglossa — Cones (Conida?) — Auger -Shells (Terebrida) — Pleurotomidce — 

 Cancellariida) — Section Bhachiglossa — Olives (Olividai) — Harps (ffarpida) — Marginellidm 

 — Volutes {Volutidai) — Tulip-Shells (Fasciolariidat) — Conch-Shells (Turbinellida?)— 

 Whelks - (Buccinidce) — Dog- Whelks i (Nassidas) — .Dove-Shells - (Columbellidw)— Murices 

 (Muricida:)— Section Tamioglossa — Tritons {Tritonidcv) — Tun-Shells (Doliidai) — Cowries 

 (Cyprceidm) — Wing-Shells (Strombidaz) — Cerithiidce— Worm-Shells ( Vermetidce) — Melan- 

 iidas — Strepopomatidaz — Periwinkles (Littorinidce) — Rissoidw — Hydrobiidai — Viviparous 



