LEPIDOPTERA. 



109 



of this insect. Its wings, antennae, and the dark half of the thorax and abdomen 

 on the left side are of the colouring and form peculiar to the male, while those 

 on the right resemble the form peculiar to the female. The illustration on 

 p. 108 illustrates the stages in the development of the black -arches moth, 



PALE TUSSOCK MOTH, WITH ITS CATERPILLAR AND PUPA (nat. size). 



which is not altogether abundant in England but much more commonly met 

 with on the Continent. Indeed, so abundant is it at times that it causes 

 great injury to forest trees. In Prussia, Lithuania, and Poland, the havoc has 



brown-tail moth. 1, Male ; 2, Female laying eggs ; 3, Larvae ; 4, Pupa ; 5, Antennae of male ; 6, Wing-scales ; 

 7, gold-tail moth (Porthesia auriflua) larvae ; 8, Separate plumose hairs ; 9, Segments of larvae. (5, 6, 8, 9, 

 enlarged. ) 



been particularly severe. In 1863 the moth appeared in countless thousands, 

 driven up as a regular insect storm by the south wind. Within a few hours the 

 moths spread over the whole country side, buildings were completely covered 



