INTELLIGENCE IN ANIMALS. 197 



he sent an account of them to Nature. The facts 

 attracted much attention at the time, and various 

 theories were put forward to explain them. In con- 

 nexion with this dislike to butchers shown by Kepler 

 and his relations, it is interesting to notice that a 

 similar antipathy is noted by Jesse to dog-killers, as 

 mentioned both by Lord Bacon ( r Sylva Sylvarum'), 

 and Sir Kenelm Digby (' Treatise on the Nature of 

 Bodies '), as having been common among dogs in 

 their times. The passage from Sir Kenelm Digby's 

 Treatise runs thus : ' We daily see that dogs will have 

 an aversion from glovers, that make their ware of 

 dogs' skin ; they will bark at and be churlish to them, 

 and not endure to come near them, though they never 

 saw them before/ Dog-killing was an old custom in 

 August." Perhaps, after all, this intense aversion to 

 butchers, dog-killers, and others who may be supposed 

 .to bear about them some scent of blood, suggesting to 

 the dog-mind the slaughter of his kindred, may be an 

 effect of reasoning, not, as I have suggested above, 

 of instinct only. A dog may argue that the scent can 

 only be explained in one way, and that the explana- 

 tion is such as to suggest danger to himself " Mnc 

 illce lachrymce." 



Kepler's (the mastiff's) claim to be looked upon as 

 ,a reasoning dog may be regarded by some as being 

 better based, perhaps, on what his master and mis- 

 tress described as actual mathematical calculations. 

 " Kepler/' says the latter, " like his great namesake, 

 as an excellent mathematician. Many distinguished 



