224 NATURE STUDIES. 



peninsula, the West Riding, Cumberland, and the 

 Highlands, the number of pure Celts was comparatively 

 smaller, while the number of dark Euskarians was 

 comparatively greater. And in Wales itself, the 

 Silures remained as unmixed Euskarians, without a 

 single drop of Aryan Celtic blood; while another 

 small Euskarian principality seems also to have held 

 out in the Athol district of Scotland. It is this com- 

 pound mass of pure Celts, mixed Celt-Euskarians, 

 .and pure Euskarians, all speaking various Celtic 

 dialects, that we ordinarily describe as Celtic, in 

 contradistinction to the Teutonic English, who came 

 to the country at a later date. As to Ireland, the 

 primitive Celtic immigration there was very slight 

 and the mass of the population, though it acquired the 

 Gaelic dialect of Celtic as its language, remained 

 almost entirely Euskarian in blood up to the date of 

 the Danish invasions, as it still remains in all except 

 the northern and eastern coast. How far these 

 arrangements of the various race-elements were upset 

 by the English (or Anglo-Saxon) settlement, we shall 

 have to inquire in our next paper. 



III. THE TEUTONS. 



IT does not seem likely that the Roman occupation 

 left much permanent mark upon the ethnology of 

 Britain. So far as we can judge, the Romans held 

 the soil very much as we ourselves hold India by a 

 purely military tenure. A little sprinkling of Italian 



