230 NATUEE STUDIES. 



by the English of Northumbria, its people still re- 

 mained upon the soil as subject inhabitants. To this 

 day, the dark type is common in Lancashire, Ayrshire, 

 and the hill districts of the West Hiding, though in 

 Cumberland and "Westmoreland there is a large later 

 infusion of light Scandinavian blood, about which 

 more hereafter. 



Thus, the English occupation was really, to a great 

 extent, rather a mere Teutonisatiou of Britain than, 

 an extermination of the original Britons. The light 

 Aryan stock, no doubt, received a large accession of 

 strength ; but the dark Euskarian stock was not by 

 any means annihilated or driven away. In Sussex, 

 Essex, and the Lothians, the English seem to have 

 settled very thickly, and to have spared very few of 

 the native Britons, though we must remember that 

 these parts were probably inhabited for the most part 

 by fairly pure Celfcs (not Euskarians), whose descen- 

 dants we cannot now discriminate from those of the 

 equally Aryan Teutons. In Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, 

 East Anglia, Kent, and Hampshire, the conquerors 

 apparently enslaved a considerable number of the 

 dark serfs whom they found upon the soil ; and their 

 type is still preserved amongst the peasantry of those 

 districts. As we move westward and inland, how- 

 ever, we find 'fewer and fewer pure English, mixed 

 with a larger and larger proportion of dark natives. 

 In the eastern midlands, the light type is commonest. 

 In the western midlands and the Severn valley, the 

 dark type distinctly predominates. In Devonshire, 



