WHO FORMED THE MOUND? 183 



were a piece of a bone awl, two inches in length and 

 having the surface well polished, and a concave disk 

 of bone, 37 mm. in diameter, and 5 mm. thick, with a 

 hole 8 mm. in diameter, drilled through the center.* 

 From the facts ascertained 

 and mentioned concerning 

 this mound, and especially 

 from the manner in which 

 the layers of shells, with their 

 accompaniments of bones, 

 pieces of pottery, charcoal, 

 etc., are arranged, there can 



be no doubt but that it is Fi s- 57 Bone Ornament 

 . , . taken from Ormond 



a kitchen-midden or accu- shell Mound, 



mulation of refuse material 



made about the dwellings of a people who inhabited 

 this spot hundreds of years before the white man 

 landed on the shores of Florida. It is wholly impos- 

 sible that such an accumulation of shells and such a 

 combination of objects could have been formed by 

 natural causes. Of the people who made the mound, 

 whether Indians, Mound Builders, or what, not even 

 tradition remaineth. The Red Men who were here 

 when the Spaniards came have asserted time and 

 again that this and other shell mounds of the State 

 were present as they are to-day, as far back as their 

 ancestry had records. The mound, then, is but a re- 



* Prof. Hitchcock reports the finding of some bone points and awls 

 with ornamental ends, but without eyes. 



