CONTENTS 



I. THE COMPOSITION AND PURPOSES OF PLANTS 



PAGB 



1. The plant is composed of living matter .... 1 



2. The purposes of plants ....... 3 



3. Great differences among plants 3 



4. The oaks, maples, elms, ferns, mosses, and pond-scums are 



not all of the same kind among themselves ... 4 



5. A species 6 



6. Scope of work described 7 



II. THE MATERIAL OF WHICH PLANTS ARE MADE UP 



7. The plant is an engine 9 



8. Water, charcoal, and ash 10 



9. Leaves shrink in drying 12 



10. Mineral coatings .13 



11. Uses of mineral coatings 13 



12. Aquatic plants with mineral coatings .... 14 



13. Water cultures, with and without mineral salts . . 15 



14. Ash or mineral salts in the water of streams . . .15 



15. Elements found in plants 16 



16. Substances serving as food . .18 



17. Compounds in the plant 18 



18. Tests for the contents of plants 19 



III. THE MANNER IN WHICH DIFFERENT KINDS OF WORK 



ARE DIVIDED AMONG THE MEMBERS OF THE BODY 



19. Kinds of work, or functions of the plant .... 21 

 20. Organs 22 



ix 



