io6 EVIDENCES AND LIMITATIONS 



they direct and determine the Hnes of bodily activity, 

 are not to be classed with mechanical energies, and do 

 not enter into their equation in the human organism. 

 "It is intelligence which directs; it is physical energy 

 which is directed and controlled and produces the result 

 in time and space." The sequence of mechanical 

 processes is temporal and spatial, whereas the sequence 

 of psychical processes, conditioned by time though these 

 are, is in its own nature logical, and mechanics cannot 

 evolve logic. Mechanical energy is to be described in 

 terms of quantity, and of quantity of which its guidance 

 by human thought and will constitutes no part. 



6. Another particular, which appears to contradict 

 the supposition that man's higher faculties can be fully 

 accounted for by organic development, is the fact that 

 the gap between the human and the brute intelligence 

 is very excessive indeed when compared with the varia- 

 tions of nervous organization and of brain by which 

 it has to be explained, if man is wholly a product of 

 physical evolution. No doubt slight changes are often 

 seen to precipitate large results. But in such cases 

 we can usually discover an accumulation of conditions 

 preparing the way. Not so here. The brain did not 

 originate with man, but the human use of it is some- 

 thing new under the sun. Except in size and elabora- 

 tion there is no difference of importance between the 

 brains of apes and of men. But the late John Fiske, 

 an ardent evolutionist, said, ''While for zoological man 

 you can hardly erect a distinct family from that of the 

 chimpanzee and the orang; on the other hand, for 



