MAN'S PRIMITIVE STATE 127 



still held by all who can seriously be regarded as 

 seeking to be loyal to apostohc doctrine, whether they 

 are Catholics or Protestants. This commonly received 

 doctrine has, however, undergone development; and 

 certain accretions, some of them dating back at least 

 to the close of the fourth century, have divided the 

 schools and, in the Calvinistic system at least, have 

 given the doctrine of man's primitive state and fall 

 a scholastic form which makes it appear to the modern 

 mind and conscience peculiarly repellent and incredible. 

 Certain elements of Calvinistic theology on this subject 

 can be found in St. Augustine's writings, and have 

 been retained by particular catholic schools of later 

 centuries. But the fact that such views are very 

 generally described as Augustinian bears witness that 

 they do not inhere in catholic doctrine, but are pro- 

 vincial. In brief, we do not have to maintain the dis- 

 tinctive elements of Augustinianism in order to retain 

 our hold upon catholic doctrine. It is indispensable 

 to the purpose of these lectures that this should be 

 borne in mind. 



We are concerned with two doctrines: that of man's 

 primitive state, and that of his fall and its conse- 

 quences to our race. Let me now expound more par- 

 ticularly the catholic belief concerning man's primitive 

 state.^ The mind of the Anglican communion, so 



1 On man's primitive state, see Bishop Bull, Discourses, v; J. B. 

 Mozley, Predestination (8vo edition), pp. 90-97, 1 09-1 12, in chh. 

 iii, iv.; Moehler, Symbolism, Bk. I. §§ i-iii.; Wilhelm and Scannell, 

 Manual of Cath. Theol., Pt. II. ch. iii; St. Thomas, Summa TheoL, I. 

 xciii-cii; A. P. Forbes, XXXIX Arts., ix. 



