CLASSIFICATION 223 



dorsally, depressed at the ventral side into a deep ventral funnel. 

 Trophi incudate (virgate in Ascomorpha), mastax enlarged dorsally 

 into a wide crop ; stomach large, blind. Kidneys large, with a 

 " recurrent duct " and numerous tags ; bladder large. Brain 

 large, with a median eye, and frequently paired smaller eyes 

 at the base of the marginal processes of the disc ; anterior 

 antennae paired, relatively far back on dorsal surface. Males 

 (Fig. 107, 5) relatively large, frequently found. 



Fam. 6. Asplanchnidae : Asplanchna G., Asplanchnopus De Guerne, 

 (?) Ascomorpha, Perty, (?) Dinops Western. 



Order V. Scirtopoda. Females of conical shape, with the 

 body prolonged into hollow limb-like expansions (see p. 201) 

 moved by strong muscles, and ending in branched setose fins like 

 the limbs of Crustacea. Disc as in Bdelloids, but not retractile. 

 Foot represented by two subventral toes, ciliated, inconstant or 

 absent. Trophi malleoramate. Eyes two, latero-ventral, on the 

 disc. Male (Fig. 107, 8) conical, with simple setae. 



Fam. 7. Pedalionidae : Pedalion H. (Fig. 117), 1 Hexarthra Schmarda. 2 



Order VI. Ploima. -Free - swimming forms, more rarely 

 parasites, often adherent by their trophi to a host. Disc variable, 

 often bearing within the cingulum a number of lobes fringed with 

 coarse compound cilia. Foot rarely absent, marked off by a 

 sharp constriction. Mastax variable, rarely malleoramate, never 

 incudate or uncinate. Intestine not blind. Males small. 3 



Sub-Order A. Illoricata. Ploima with a soft flexible integu- 

 ment; disc variable; ciliated auricles sometimes present (Syn- 

 chaetidae, Notommatidae) ; foot rarely absent ; trophi usually 

 malleate. 



1 See Hudson in Month. Micr. Journ. vol. vi. 1871, pp. 121, 215, and Quart. 

 Journ. Micr. Sci. (n.s.) xii. 1872, p. 333 ; Lankester, ibid. p. 338 ; Levanderin Act. 

 Soc. Faun. Fenn. xi. 1894. 



2 In Denk. Ak. Wien, vol. vii. 1854, 2 Abth., p. 15. As has been suggested by 

 Deby and by Daday, it is not impossible that Hexarthra is identical with Pedalion 

 (and in this case the latter name, as newer, should be suppressed in favour of the 

 former) ; but we must suppose that Schmarda's figure of the front view is a com- 

 bination, more or less from memory or notes, of two sketches or notes taken some 

 time before publication ; the one a side view somewhat obliquely flattened, show- 

 ing the two eyes as in Levander's Fig. 3 ; the other a front view, showing the two 

 pairs of lateral limbs in their correct positions under pressure. 



3 Mr. Rousselet writes that the male ofEhinops vitrea is exceptional in possess- 

 ing a complete, functional alimentary canal, with mastax, stomach, and intestine. 



