482 



Irrigation and Drainage 



greater stiffness, and to permit them to be thin and light. 

 The solid blade gives better satisfaction generally than 

 the other form shown in the cut. 



Besides the spade, there must also be the tile hoe, 

 or scoop, for cleaning out and grading the bottom of 



Fig. 158. Some drainage tools. 



the ditch, fitting it for the tile, different widths being 

 used for different tiles, as shown in the cut. Some of 

 these scoops are made with adjustable handles, per- 

 mitting the blade to be set at any desired angle, so 

 as to be used from the last spading of earth in the 

 ditch or from the top. 



