THE IREIGATION AGE. 



15 



law the water does not belong to fflP^ich or to the irri- 

 gator but to the lands upon which the water has been 

 applied, and in an amount not exceeding one cubic foot 

 per second for each seventy acres irrigated. The sale 

 of irrigated lands, therefore, carries with it a title to 

 the water necessary for its cultivation. 



During the past year 1,500 applications have been 

 received in the State Engineer's office for ditches and 

 reservoirs. Nearly 1,000 notices have, in the same time, 

 been received of the completion of such works. The 

 application is not a water right but rather a description 

 of what the applicant proposes to do, and when such 

 papers are approved they are only the written consent 

 of the officer authorized to act for the State to the pro- 

 posed diversion of water. If the stipulations set forth 

 in the application are not complied with, the applica- 

 tion is cancelled and another party is given an oppor- 

 tunity to make use of the water. When works are com- 

 pleted they are inspected by the Division Superintend- 

 ent, and if all requirements are complied with the 

 Board of Control issues a certificate of appropriation, 

 setting aside a certain volume of water for the irriga- 

 tion of lands described in the application. 



The cost of the state irrigation administration has 

 averaged about $10,000 per year. Of this less than half 

 has gone to the Board of Control. It has cost the State, 

 therefore, less than $12.00 for each final certificate of 

 appropriation that has been issued. The claimants to 

 water are required to pay $1.00 for each Certificate of 

 Appropriation, and seventy-five cents for having the 

 same recorded in the offices of the county clerks. When 

 these figures are compared with the cost of litigation 

 in some other states it will be seen that the Wyoming 

 irrigation laws bring about' a great saving to the Com- 

 monwealth as well as to the individual water user. 



I believe that the laws of Wyoming are adapted to 

 protect the irrigator under any kind of a meritorious 

 enterprise, and whether the work be done through the 

 State under the Carey Act, by private individuals alone 

 or by the National Government under existing laws. 



Wyoming invites the Federal Government to pro- 

 ceed as fast as possible in the construction of irrigation 

 works, believing that the provisions of the national law 

 will be supplemented by the laws of the State, and 

 that better protection will be given the settler than 

 is usually afforded. It will be found, upon examination, 

 that the expenditure on the part of the Government 

 will never compare with that of individuals in the 

 reclamation of the West. Individuals must be protected 

 from diversions of water by the Government as must the 

 Government projects be protected from diversions by in- 

 dividuals. Under existing conditions the Government 

 could not prevent water being diverted from streams 

 while its projects were under construction unless a 

 close co-operation with state irrigation authorities be 

 secured. 



I should like to impress the delegates present that 

 there is no reason for fearing a conflict between State 

 and National laws in the construction of irrigation works 

 by the Government. After the Government has com- 

 pleted the works and sold the lands, it must devolve upon 

 the State to protect the people who use the water from 

 such diversions from the stream as would threaten their 

 rights. Let us not, therefore, permit ourselves to be- 

 lieve that the states and the Government have anything 

 but a common interest in seeing the irrigation law car- 

 ried out so as to do the most good to the greatest number. 



HENRY ALTENBRAND. 



Pres. Manhattan Malting Co., 



Manhatten, Montana. 



BARLEY BY IRRIGATION. 



HENRY ALTENBRAND, PRESIDENT MANHATTAN MALTING 

 CO., MANHATTAN, MONT. 



Delivered before JIth National Irrigation Congress. 



I am to speak on barley raised by irrigation. 

 Barley, now one of America's standard crops, has 

 long been raised with varying success in many of the 

 western states, and the growing demand which new 

 exists for malting bar- 

 ley has opened up a 

 large field for the ex- 

 tensive cultivation of 

 this crop by the farm- 

 ers of our northwestern 

 states. 



Now, it will be in I 

 order for me to give 

 you the information as 

 to how barley is actually 

 consumed by the beer- 

 brewing industry, whis- 

 key, and barley malt 

 food and cereal prod- 

 ucts. 



There are consumed 

 by the brewing industry 

 60,000,000 bushels; be- 

 tween 5,000,000 and 

 6,000,000 bushels in the 

 manufacture of whiskey, and 1,000,000 bushels in the 

 manufacture of cereal foods, making a total of about 

 67,000,000 busnels of barley in the United States, this 

 date. 



The beer consumption has been on the increase 

 steadily for the last ten years, and this last year it 

 amounted to 3,600,000 barrels, and the total amount 

 which the beer industry pays to our government alone 

 is $46,000,000 tax on 46,000,000 barrels. 



Previous to the. year 1880, a very large propor- 

 tion of barley used in the manufacture of malt in the 

 United States, for beer, was imported from Canada, 

 Canada having the name of producing the best barley, 

 there being, at that time, about 13,000,000 bushels 

 imported to America, subject to a duty of ten cents per 

 bushel. 



In the year 1887, a duty of thirty cents was put 

 on the Canadian barley, and by that means increased 

 the cultivation of barley in the United States ; and in 

 the year 1889, I imported from Germany 2,000 bushels 

 of German Saale barley, this barley having the repu- 

 tation of being the finest in Germany and was 

 largely used in England. This seed I introduced into 

 five states : Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, New York and 

 then in the Gallatin valley, Montana, by irrigation. 



The idea of distributing this barley in the vari- 

 ous states was to determine whether the climate of 

 these various states was adapted to the successful rais- 

 ing of this barley. 



Samples of the barley were taken the first year 

 from crops grown in each of the above-mentioned 

 states, which were given to farmers who were experi- 

 enced in the cultivation of barley, and in the instance 

 of the first five, it was found that it had degenerated 

 both in qaulity and appearance from the mother seed. 

 But in regard to the crop grown in the Gallatin valley, 

 on the Manhattan Farms, in Montana, under irriga- 



