COCHLICOPA. 315 



fluv. de France, ii, 1855, p. 304, pi. 22, f. 15-19 (jaw, geni- 

 talia, shell), with var. fuscus, albinos, grandis, exiguus, col- 

 linus, fusiformis. Ferussacia cylindrica Bourg., MORELET 

 Journ. de Conchyl. xxviii, 1880, p. 59 (error for subcylin- 

 drica). Turbo glaber DACOSTA, Testae. Brit. 1778, p. 87, pi. 

 5, f. 18 Glandina azorica ALBERS, Zeitschr. f. Mai. 1852, 

 p. 125. Achatina a., PFR., Monogr. iii, p. 504. A. lubrica 

 WOLLASTON, Test. Atlant. p. 49 (Azores Is.). 



Asiatic references. Achatina lubrica Mull., SCHRENCK, 

 Reisen und Forsch. im Amurlande, ii, pp. 659, 939 (distribu- 

 tion in Siberia, etc.). MIDDENDORFF, Reise in den aeussersten 

 norden u. osten Siberiens ii, 1851, p. 308. WOODWARD P. Z. S. 

 1856, 186 (Thibet). Cochlicopa lubrica Mlldff., Annuaire 

 Mus. Zool. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersb. vi, 1901, p. 389. 

 RETOWSKY, Bericht ueber die Senckenb. Gres. 1889-90, p. 252 

 (Tchorok river at Batum, Transcaucasia). 



The references to literature are selected from a great num- 

 ber of works consulted. It would be impracticable to cite 

 here the innumerable works and local lists wherein the de- 

 tailed distribution of the species in Europe and America is 

 recorded. The earlier references have been industriously 

 compiled by Pfeiffer, while later ones may be found chiefly 

 in the conchological periodicals. I have aimed to include full 

 information on all named varieties, as a rule quoting or trans- 

 lating in full the exact words of the original authors with 

 figures where any exist. The names of races which seem to 

 have subspecific value are printed in small capitals. Part of 

 the other named forms are probably individual variations, 

 part local forms or incipient races, generally of lower grade 

 than American zoologists consider it useful to designate by 

 name. Many of them are probably synonymous. 



American specimens of C. lubrica are substantially like 

 European. They vary from 5.5 to 6.5 mm. long, and there is 

 also some variation in the shape. The larger, darkest shells 

 seen are from the Eastern States, west to Indiana. Those of 

 Arizona are smaller, very pale and thin. There are speci- 

 mens in the collection of the academy from Greenland, pre- 

 sented by Dr. I. Lea, collector unknown. Both Dupuy and 



