HISTORY OP ACHATINELLID^J. 1111 



on a lei or necklace, which seems to have been made entirely - 

 of Achatinella apexfulva and A. decora. It appears that 

 four specific names were based upon these specimens. The 

 shell described by Chemnitz as Turbo lugubris was doubtless 

 from the same lei. It was purchased in London by Spengler. 

 While the source of Lamarck's Monodonta seminigra is not 

 positively known (Delessert ascribing it to Captain Cook), 

 yet very likely it also was from Captain Dixon's lei. There 

 is no satisfactory evidence that Captain Cook's expedition 

 brought back any Achatinellida. 



The French corvettes Uranie and Physicienne visited the 

 Hawaiian group in 1819. They obtained 14 species of land 

 shells, which were worked up by Ferussac, at that time the 

 foremost authority on land shells. These shells were from at 

 least two sources: A. decora, lugubris and spirizona were 

 probably from a lei made in the Kawailoa-Helemano district, 

 in western Oahu. A. luteola has not been rediscovered. I 

 formerly thought it might be from the western slope of Hawaii 

 (Vol. XXI, pp. 321-2), but the little I could see of that 

 arid coast from the steamer's deck does not favor such a 

 theory. } A. vulpina, gravida, lorata, turrit ella f ventulus, 

 textilis, tristis, auricula were collected near Honolulu; ac- 

 cording to Dr. C. M. Cooke, probably in Pauoa valley, where 

 the same association still exists, by members of the expedi- 

 tion, perhaps in course of an ascent of Mt. Tantalus. En- 

 dodonta lamellosa and contorta were probably from the same 

 neighborhood. The latter is said to have been found on ferns, 

 a somewhat unusual station ; neither has yet been quite satis- 

 factorily identified. 



The first American work on the genus was published by 

 Jacob Green in 1827, when Achatina stewartii was described 

 and figured. It was collected by C. S. Stewart, an American 

 missionary who spent the years 1823-5 in Oahu. 



The voyage of Captain Byron in H. M. S. Blonde, 1824-5 

 supplied the progressive English naturalist William Swain- 

 son with several fine species from the Kawailoa-Helemano dis- 

 trict, where the stringing of shell leis or necklaces seems to 

 have been carried on extensively. From the study of these 



