HISTORY OP ACHATINELLIME. Ivii 



lecting for about twenty-five years, and scarcely anything 

 was published on Achatinellida, if we except the two papers 

 by Gulick (1873), which belong properly with his earlier 

 work. 



III. 



Several papers 011 the soft anatomy of Achatinellidce by 

 Wm. G. Binney and T. Bland, published in 1873-6, were im- 

 portant as showing that there are two radically diverse types 

 of dentition in the group. 



Mr. D. D. Baldwin and Mr. Thwing began their extensive 

 collections about this time, and in the later eighties and first 

 half of the next decade a number of younger men were en- 

 listed, most of whom contributed new material for Mr. Bald- 

 win's papers. Dr. C. M. Cooke's collection, which was studied 

 by Professor Hyatt, and extensively used in this work, was 

 begun at this time. 



Dr. W. D. Hartman, whose material came from Newcomb, 

 Pease and Baldwin, published a catalogue of the group in 

 1888. It was marred by many errors of all kinds. 



Mr. D. D. Baldwin's papers, published from 1886 to 1908 

 were the most important expression of the work of this period, 

 and stimulated the study of the fauna by local naturalists. 

 His Catalogue of 1893 though modest in form, has been widely 

 used and quoted on account of its reliability in classification 

 and geographic distribution. His descriptive papers are 

 lucid and well considered. 



The Mollusca of Fauna Hawaiiensis, by Mr. E. R. Sykes, 

 (1900), contains a useful synopsis of the group, and a bibliog- 

 raphy of Hawaiian conchology. 



The " Reprint of the original descriptions of the genus 

 Achatinella" by Mr. E. W. Thwing (Occasional Papers 

 Bishop Museum, 1907) has proved very useful to Hawaiian 

 naturalists. The grouping of the species and the suggestions 

 relative to synonymy involved a good deal of original work 

 on the part of the compiler. 



Herr Fr. Borcherding has published two profusely il- 

 lustrated papers, AchaUnellen-Fauna der Sandwich-Insel Mol- 



