.NEWCOMBIA. 9 



dilated above, adnate. Length 25, diam. 7.5 mm.; alt. aper- 

 ture 7.5, width 4 mm " (Sykes). 



Molokai (Perkins, Hutchison): Makakupaia (Baldwin). 



Newcombia perkinsi SYKES, Proc. Malac. Soc., London, ii, 

 October, 1896, p. 130; Fauna Hawaiiensis, p. 332, pi. 11, f. 36, 

 1900. BORCHERDING, Zoologica, p. 102, pi. 9, f. 6. Ach-atinella 

 (Newcombia) philippiana Pfr., BALDWIN, Catalogue, p. 8. 

 THWING, Reprint Orig. Descript. Achat., pi. 3, f. 10. 



"Specimens are to be found in some collections under the 

 name N. philippiana Pfr. The present species however is larger, 

 much more solid, the whorls are flatter, the coloring is lighter 

 and different, the columellar lip is more reflexed and the per- 

 foration more conspicuous" (Sykes^). 



In unworn shells there is a faint longitudinal ribbing after 

 the smooth initial half whorl. Spiral striation sets in about the 

 middle of the second whorl, and color-flames appear on the 

 third whorl. The whole embryo consists of 3| whorls, the last 

 one usually profusely marked with zigzag brown streaks, and 

 more finely striate spirally than the other species. The post- 

 embryonic stages have no major spirals, but under a strong lens 

 are seen to be covered with a minute, irregular striolation, such 

 as has been described for N. cinnamomea, etc. This sculpture 

 is more or less effaced on the last whorl, often not discernible 

 there, especially in individuals having weak longitudinal folds. 

 The later whorls are mottled, marbled or streaked with white 

 and flesh-color, and the last whorl often has a peripheral angle 

 in front. The aperture is white within, with a brown lip- 

 border. The columella has a long, low fold or twist, and makes 

 an angle with the parietal wall, as in N. plicata; columellar re- 

 flection usually brown-tinted. Length 21, diam. 7.5 to 8 mm., 

 6 whorls. 



This species is apparently the most primitive existing Neiv- 

 combia, having no trace of coarse spirals on the whorls. The 

 embryonic spirals also are finer than in other species, more as 

 in Perdicella. The coloration too is rather that of Perdicella. 

 Cf. N. philippiana Pfr. , which is probably an immature stage of 

 perkinsi. 



