18 AMASTRA. 



Genus AMASTRA Adams. 

 A. (KAUAIA) KAUAIENSIS (Newc.). Vol. XXI, p. 143. 



In Mr. Joseph Emerson's collection there is a series of 28 

 specimens of this rare species taken in Little Norway, 

 Halemanu. 



Submenus CYCLAMASTRA Pils. 



Vol. XXI, p. 147. By its perforate axis and convex, un- 

 specialized embryonic whorls, Cyclamastra is the most primi- 

 tive of existing Amastrmce. It is now known to be found on 

 all the islands except Lanai, the fossils of which have not been 

 collected. It is most frequently encountered as a fossil of 

 the land-shell beds. Formerly widely spread and wonder- 

 fully abundant, it is now local, and except in a few localities, 

 rare. 



Series of A. sphczrica. 

 A. OBESA AURORA P. & C., n. subsp. PI. 4, figs. 9, 10, 11, 12. 



The shell resembles typical A. obesa in shape and surface, 

 but differs by having a red lip-rib, and the embryonic shell 

 (fig. 11) is less acutely angular at the periphery than in 

 obesa (cf. pi. 4, fig. 13, embryo of A. obesa from Polipoli 

 Forest Reserve). 



Length 10.5, diam. 8 mm. ; 5^ whorls. 



Length 10, diam. 7 mm. ; 5% whorls. 



Length 9.6, diam. 8 mm. ; 5% whorls. 



Length 8.2, diam. 6.7 mm. ; 5 whorls. 



East Maui: Auwahi, at about 4200 ft. elevation, (D. Thaa- 

 num, 1913). Cotypes in collections of A. N. S., Bishop Mus. 

 and Thaanum. 



Mr. Thaanum reports that this race was found in large 

 numbers in open forest, on dead leaves, among and under 

 rocks. Nearly all adult shells are free from dirt. The young 

 ones are sometimes bedaubed, the agglutinations usually most 

 copious at the periphery. The reddish color of the lip-rib 

 is constant, only varying in intensity. It fades in alcohol. 



In the same neighborhood and at almost the same elevation, 



