206 TORNATELLIDES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 



vatioii. They are very often associated together. They axe 

 probably most often found on dead leaves on tihe ground, but 

 are sometimes taken on the trunks of trees and shrubs, and, 

 especially the first species, are sometimes abundant on the 

 lower leaves of shrubs. They have been found also in some of 

 the fossil deposits, as at Kahuku. 



T. procerulus varies more than either of the other two 

 species just mentioned. The colonies of different localities 

 sometimes show conspicuous differences in size, color, texture 

 of the surface and also in the height of the parietal lamella. 

 With our present knowledge of this species it seems best to 

 include all of the minor variations in a single species, but it 

 will doubtless be subdivided into local subspecies eventually. 



Ancey's identification of T. peponum (of which his original, 

 1890, examples are in the Bishop Museum) was clearly based 

 upon specimens of one of the numerous forms of procerula. 

 But this species is not found among Gould's figures or ma- 

 terial. The only species represented in Gould's material of 

 peponum in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution is 

 the Hilo shell fortunately selected by Sykes and figured by us. 



Ancey's type-specimen of procerulus was not isolated by 

 him. The original lot contains more than 250 examples. A 

 specimen (pi. 45, figs. 4, 5) from this lot has been selected to 

 represent the species. It has 6 whorls and measures: length 

 3.5, diam. 1.9, axis of aperture 1.4, parietal lamella 0.14, um- 

 bilicus 0.33 mm. The embryonic whorls are smooth and have 

 no indications of spiral lines. 



In an immature shell with 4i/^ whorls the columella ap- 

 pears to be furnished with two folds. The upper fold is repre- 

 sented by a low, indistinct, oblique swelling; the lower is 

 larger, transverse, about 0.1 mm. in height. The parietal 

 lamella is strong, oblique, 0.16 mm. in height (fig. 6). 



A specimen, in the Ancey collection, from Hamakua, Ha- 

 waii, and labeled in Ancey's handwriting "T. peponum", 

 has 5% whorls and measures: length 3.3, diam. 1.8, axis of 

 apert. 1,3, par. lam. 0.04, umb. 0.21 mm. The shell is slightly 

 darker brown and the whorls are flatter than those of typical 

 procerulus. In another lot, from Hilo, Hawaii, the shells are 



