CHONDRIN^E OF THE ALPIC CENTER. 13 



3 parietal, 2 columellar, 4 palatal plicae, the outer parietal fold 

 very small, very deeply placed below the angular; the upper 

 palatal minute, deeply placed, the median plicae longest, 

 higher within. Length 4-5, diam. l%-2 mm. Agen, France. 

 (Pupa ferruginea West., Fauna Europaea Moll, extramar. 

 Prodr., ii, 1878, p. 180; Fauna, iii, 1887, p. 98; Synopsis, p. 

 97, as var. of avenacea) . According to Margier, it was based 

 upon decolored examples of avenacea. 



Var. subhordeum West. (pi. 1, fig. below f. 8). Shell 

 smaller, with the same number of whorls, nearly smooth; 2 

 folds on parietal wall, columella and palate ; length 5, diam. 2 

 mm. ("P. hordeum of many authors, P. avena v. minor Kiis- 

 ter, Mon., pi. 6, f. 15-16," Westerlund, Fauna, iii, 1887, p. 98). 

 Kuster's figure is copied. He gives the localities, Bavaria, 

 Wiirtemberg, Switzerland, Carinthia and Carniola as far as 

 Triest. 



Var. cocchi Ben. Benoit states that in Sicily Pupa avenacea 

 is common in woods and in the high mountains of Madonie, of 

 Fiumedinisi ; found also at Marineo and Busambra. The Sicil- 

 ian specimens are usually a little smaller than those of the 

 rest of Europe (Nuovo Catalogo, 1881, p. 93). This form is 

 evidently that which Benoit tentatively named Papa [sic] 

 cocchi in 1845, in this manner. 



PAPA AVENA? Drap. Shell subconic, umbilicate, chestnut; 

 whorls 7, obliquely striate ; aperture subrotund ; 7-toothed, lip 

 emarginate ; apex rather obtuse. 



The shell which is found in Sicily is different, I believe, 

 from that which lives in France ; yet it is closely related, for 

 the Sicilian form differs only by being less conic, by the num- 

 ber of whorls, by the shape of the aperture and by the ar- 

 rangement of the folds in the same. According to Baron 

 Mandralisca it is found abundantly at Madonie, on limestone 

 rocks. Size 2% lines. PAPA COCCHI? Mihi. (L. Benoit, Ri- 

 cerche Malacologiche, 1845, p. 11, pi. 2, f. 7). 



De Gregorio has named the same form Pupa avenacea Brug. 

 var. sicula, II Nat. Siciliano, xiv, 1895, p. 203; referring to 

 Benoit 's figures, II. Sist., pi. 5, f. 33, and his Nuovo Cat., and 

 stating that the examples differ from the typical form by the 

 smaller size and by having the lip of the aperture simple. 



