182 EUROPEAN SPECIES OF VERTIGO. 



ing out above the middle, also in the middle angularly pro- 

 duced forward and externally deeply impressed; by the free 

 palatal teeth, the upper one large, thickened anteriorly, emer- 

 ging to the margin, the lower one broadly distant from the 

 margin; 1 parietal and 1 columellar tooth (Westerl.) 



Germany: Mergentheim, Wiirtemberg (coll. Kuster). 



Pupa kusteriana. WESTERLUND, Malak. Blatter, 1875, p. 133 ; 

 Fauna iii, p. 136. PFR., Monogr. viii, 407. 



54. VERTIGO PACHYGASTER Jensen. 



Shell rimate, ventricose, irregularly, finely striate, under a 

 strong lens showing very fine spiral lines, glossy, greenish- 

 brown. Spire broadly conic. Whorls 4%, convex, rapidly 

 increasing, the penult double the height and wider than the 

 preceding; in front much lower than, and behind equal to 

 the last whorl. Last whorl has a strong brown-reddish 

 callus behind the peristome. Aperture half-oval, 4-toothed: 

 teeth 1-1-2, fold-like, short, white. Peristome simple, thin, 

 of the same color, the margins separated, outer margin neither 

 produced forward or impressed, regularly curved. Length 

 13/4, diam. 11/5 to 1% mm. (Westerl.). 



Norway: Skien. 



V. [ertigo] pachyg osier JENSEN, Indberetning om en i Som- 

 meren 1870 foretagen Reise i Kristiania og Kr.-sands Stift, 

 etc., 1872 (p. 69 of separate copy), in Nyt Magazin for 

 Naturvidenskaberne, xix, 1873, p. 171. Pupa gmvida 

 WESTERLUND, Fauna Moll. terr. et fluv. Sveciae, Norwegise 

 et Danise, 1873, p. 610; Malak. Bl. xxii, 1875, p. 328. 

 PFEIFFER, Monogr. viii, 399. Vertigo pachygastra Jensen, 

 WESTERL., Synopsis Moll, extramar. Pal., 1897, p. 120. 



The name of this species was changed by Westerlund on 

 account of the earlier Pupa pachyg aster, which is an Abida-, 

 it does not appear to be preoccupied in Vertigo, and has been 

 restored in his later Synopsis. 



55. VERTIGO LOROISIANA (Bourguignat). PL 16, fig. 15. 



Shell dextral, minute, ovate-cylindric, rimate, rather fragile, 

 smooth, but under the microscope some fine striae are visible ; 



