186 EUROPEAN SPECIES OF VERTIGO. 



outer lip, constricted, especially in the lower part (as well 

 as having a hanging swelling, as though a blister had been 

 raised) ; at the base lightly compressed and straightened in 

 front. Aperture vertical, lunate, semirotund, ringent, 5- 

 plicate: 1 strong parietal, 2 columellar (the upper lamelli- 

 form, strong, the lower small, dentiform), and 2 strong 

 palatals. Peristome expanded, white-lipped deep within, ex- 

 ternally at the periphery encircled with a whitish lip [crest] 

 which is swollen below. Outer margin straight; margins 

 joined by a callus. Length 2, diam. 114 mm. (Bgt.). 



Algeria: debris of the ravine of Chabet-Beinan, near Cape 

 Caxine, west of Algiers ; debris of the Harrach at Algiers. 



Vertigo microlena BOURGUIGNAT, Malac. Algerie ii, 1864, 

 p. 104, pi. 6, f. 42-44. 1 Pupa pygm&a MORELET, Journ. de 

 Conchyl. iv, 1853, p. 292. 



61. VERTIGO EREMIA (Westerlund). 



Shell tumid-ovate, ventricose, brown; smooth, the last 

 whorl rugose-striate anteriorly. Whorls 5, convex, the penult 

 twice as large as the antepenult, the last swollen outwardly, 

 a little shorter. Aperture somewhat semirotund, 3-toothed, 

 the teeth rather strong, 1-1-1 ; parietal tooth compressed, 

 columellar tooth conic, palatal tooth thick, tuberculiform, 

 united with a strong white palatal callus. Margins of the 

 peristome united by a callus joined to the apertural callus, 

 the outer margin arched above, somewhat straightened below. 

 Length 2, diam. 1% mm. (Westerl.). 



Sweden : Medelpad at Ange. 



Pupa eremia WESTERL., Acta Soc. pro fauna et flora 

 Fennica, xiii, no. 7, 1897, p. 67. 



Described from one specimen. Appears to resemble the 

 American V. tridentata, but there is no crest behind the 

 peristome. 



Group of V. modesta. 



The "auricle" or lip-point is but little developed; teeth 

 1-1-2 to 0-0-0, small when present, and with a tendency to be 

 reduced or lost in many of the species. Chiefly boreal or 

 mountain forms. 



