TRUNCATELLINA. 67 



ania and Moscow. From the Atlantic (Portugal) it extends 

 eastward to the Caucasus region. T. himalayana appears to 

 be an eastern representative of cylitidrica. 



It varies widely in size, short examples occurring rather 

 numerously in some lots. French specimens figured measure : 



Length 2.1, diam. 0.9 mm. ; 6% whorls. 



Length 2, diam. 0.85 mm. ; 6% whorls. 



Length 1.57, diam. 0.75 mm. ; 5% whorls. 



There is also some variation in shape. Moquin-Tandon has 

 noted a mut. albina, shell entirely whitish, Jura and Pyrenees. 

 (Hist, Moll. Fr., ii, 399). 



English specimens seen are below the maximum size, being 

 slightly less than 2 mm. long. 



D. Geyer has recorded cases of gigantism, specimens having 

 1 to 2 additional whorls, the lip remaining unfinished, or with 

 an inflated supernumerary seventh whorl (Nbl. d. M. Ges., 

 1912, p. 122). 



Ferussac's name Vertigo cylindrica was based upon Pupa 

 muscorum of Draparnaud 's Histoire, but with the qualifica- 

 tion "bauche sans dents". He notes a variety "a, apertura 

 sub unidentata, major?" Draparnaud had said that there is 

 often one or sometimes even two low folds. He distinguished 

 two forms, a, aperture toothless, and b, aperture 1-2-toothed; 

 figuring one of the latter. It is evident that Draparnaud had 

 more than one species: the cylindrica (commonly known as 

 minutissima), together with rivierana or an allied dentate 

 form from somewhere in the south of France. 



T. cylindrica obscura (Mousson). 



Shell elegantly striate, permanently covered with a dark 

 epidermis. Whorls 6, the spire cylindric from the third. 

 Margin scarcely reflected, dark; aperture toothless (Mousson). 



Greece: Janina. 



Pupa minutissima Hartm. var. obscura Mss., Coq. rec. par 

 Schlaefli, in Vierteljahrschrift der Naturf. Ges. Zurich, iv, 

 1859, p. 272 (46 of separate copies). 



The differences from the typical form consist in the per- 

 manence of the deep brown epidermis, matt,-* masking the rib- 



