178 PUPILLA, EUROPE. 



Various color and shape mutations follow; perhaps some 

 of them are geographic races. 



Mut. albina (Menke, Syn. meth. Moll., 1828, p. 18, name 

 only), Moquin-Tandon, Moll. Fr., ii, 392. Shell entirely whit- 

 ish. France. Also in England, Somersetshire, Oxfordshire, 

 Worcestershire ; as var. alba Baldwin in North Wales. 



Mut. sinistrorsa Baldwin. A sinistral individual. North 

 Wales. 



Mut. brevis Bandon. Very short. Dep. Oise (Pupa mus- 

 corum var. brevis Bandon, Nouv. Catal. Moll. Dep. de 1'Oise, 

 1862, p. 27). Also reported from England (J. of Conch., iv, 

 376 ; 2 x 1.5 mm., toothless) and under various names from 

 many countries. The name is preoccupied. 



Mut. abbreviata 'Ulicny' Clessin. PL 20, fig. 8. Short- 

 ened; whorls more slowly increasing and narrower. Length 

 2.5, diam. 1.4 mm. Mahren, Polauer mountains near Briinn 

 (PupUla muscorum var. abbreviata Ulicny in schedis, Clessin, 

 Molluskenfauna Oesterreich-Ungarno u. der Schweiz, 1887, p. 

 257, f. 157. 



Mut. minor West. Compact, with 6 convex whorls; mar- 

 gins of the peristome approaching one another. 3 x 1.75 mm., 

 no loc. (Pupa muscorum forma minor Westerlund, Fauna, 



1887, p. 121). 



Mut. pratensis Clessin. PI. 20, fig. 9. Larger and broader, 

 thinner shelled, darker brown with parietal tooth weak or 

 lacking. 3.5x1.9 mm. Southern Bavaria. (Clessin, Fauna 

 von Augsburg, 1871, p. 101 ; Molluskenfauna Oesterreich- 

 Ungarns u. Schweiz, 1887, p. 256, f. 155). "Apparently 

 spread over the entire region, but so far certainly taken only 

 in Moravia (Mahren). Found only on very moist meadows 

 with peat subsoil." Figure from Clessin. 



Mut. elongata Clessin. PL 20, fig. 10. Shell longer, of 

 more cylindric form, consisting of 8 whorls. Length 3-8, 

 diam. 1.7 mm. On cold, calcareous meadows, Germany (Pupa 

 muscorum var. elongata Clessin, Deutsche Excursions-Mollus- 

 ken-Fauna, 1876, p. 202. 



