PUPILLA, EUROPE. 185 



12. PUPILLA HALLERIANA (Charp.). 



Shell shortly rimate, oblong-cylindric, obtuse at apex, stri- 

 atulate, under a lens most minutely granulate, rather shin- 

 ing, reddish-corneous; whorls 7, a little convex, regularly in- 

 creasing, the last with a short, obtuse basal crest, outwardly 

 marked with a scar, compressed, encircled with a narrow 

 callus of the color of the shell (not whitish) before the semi- 

 oval, toothless aperture; peristome a little reflected, without 

 an internal callus joining the margins. Alt. 3-3%-, diam. 2- 

 2i/i> (Charp.). 



Switzerland: in marshy meadows, Tedunum, Saxon, Octo- 

 durum, Roche; not far from the home of the great Haller 

 himself (Mousson, Venetz, Charpentier) ; under stones and at 

 the roots of grass in wet meadows at Vish, Chable and an- 

 other place in the Vallee de Bagnes. 1250 to 2500 ft. eleva- 

 tion (Jeffreys). 



Pupa halleriana CHARPENTIER in Jeffreys, Ann. Mag. N. H. 

 (2), xv, Jan. 1855, p. 27. 



It differs from P. cupa by the very minutely granulose 

 shell, not simply striatulate; last whorl is obtusely and 

 shortly compressed at base, aperture constantly toothless in 

 more than 100 specimens seen, without a parietal fold, semi- 

 oval, not rounded-trigonal, and the margins are not connected 

 by a callus. From P. marginata var. edentula [P. miiscorum] 

 it is easily distinguished by the slightly larger size, the shell 

 more contracted, callus behind the aperture narrower, colored 

 like the shell, not whitish, and by the scrobiculation at the 

 cervical callus at base. That species inhabits dry, P. halleri- 

 ana marshy places (Charp.). 



Thought by Boettger, with good reason, to be a form of 

 madida (alpicola), but Westerlund dissents. Not identified 

 since its description, though it appears from the original 

 account to be somewhat common. No specimens are contained 

 in the Jeffreys' collection. 



13. PUPILLA CUPA (Jan). PI. 23, figs. 1 to 4. 



Shell small, rimate, cylindric with very obtuse summit, 

 finely but regularly striate, having a satin luster, thin, red- 



