PUPILLA, ASIA. 195 



Jahrb., iv, 1889, p. 959. KOBELT, Iconographie (2), viii, p. 

 87, pi. 233, f. 1521. Pupa cristata v. MARTENS, in Fedt- 

 schenko's Reise in Turkestan, Mollusca, 1874, p. 23, pi. 2, f. 

 19 (shell), pi. 3, f. 40 (jaw and teeth) . NEVILL, Handlist 

 Moll. Ind. Mus., i, 1878, p. 191; Second Yarkand Mission, 

 Mollusca, p. 5. 



Typically this large species has five teeth, an angular, pari- 

 etal, columellar and two palatals; but as in other Pupillas, 

 some of them are often wanting. The cylindric shape, numer- 

 ous narrow whorls and broadly reflected white lip are more 

 constant characters. 



Var. cylindrica Mouss. Cylindric; whorls 8-9; peristome 

 frequently continuous, the columella deeply subnodulose. 

 Krasnowodsk. (Mouss.). 



Var. cyclostoma West. Shell similar to var. cristata Mts., 

 but white, hyaline, densely, regularly striate; aperture cir- 

 cular, peristome continuous in a high parietal lamina ; whorls 

 very convex, parted by an impressed suture. Persia at Scha- 

 rud, 0. Herz [Pupa (Pupilla) signata Mss. var. cyclostoma 

 Westerlund, Nachrbl. D. M. Ges., Aug. 1893, p. 121]. 



Var. debilis West. Shell corneous, nearly smooth, whorls a 

 little convex; suture thin; margins of the aperture widely 

 separated, without trace of a callus; a very minute, tuber- 

 culiform tooth deep in the palate; peristome very narrowly 

 reflected ; last whorl strongly whitish-calloused anteriorly, ex- 

 ternally very obsoletely impressed, the base lightly crested. 

 Caucasus at Krassnowordsk, 0. Retowski [Pupa (Pupitta) 

 s-ignata Mss. var. debilis West., op. tit., p. 121]. 



The original description of Pupa cristata Martens follows. 



Pupa cristata. PL 21, fig. 3. Shell rimate, cylindric- 

 ovate, obliquely striatulate, pale brown, a little shining, ob- 

 tuse at apex. Whorls 7, the first three forming an obtuse 

 cone; fourth, fifth and sixth of equal width, slowly increas- 

 ing in height, the last a little narrowed, subcompressed at 

 .base, provided with an obtuse umbilical keel, strongly ascend- 

 ing in front and towards the aperture, having a somewhat 

 prominent transverse crest parallel with the outer margin, 

 then constricted. Aperture small, semirotund, the peristome 

 reflected throughout, somewhat thickened, pale brown, the 

 margin insertions remote, joined by a thin callus, outer mar- 



