53 



MORPHOLOGY OF THE CELL, 



considerable quantities of albuminoids together with starch and oily matter. If they 

 contain much starch, as in the grasses, Phaseolus, Vicia, the oak, horse-chestnut, 

 Spanish chestnut, &c., the albuminoid, which only contains very little oily matter, 

 occupies the interstices; it consists of small or even minute granules, as shown in 

 Fig. 48. In oily seeds, on the other hand, granular structures of roundish or angular 

 form (Fig. 49) are found in place of the grains of starch, which also are sometimes 

 not dissimilar to starch-grains in their appearance, surrounded by a more or less 



Fig. 48. — Cells of a very thin section through a cotyledon 

 of the embryo in a ripe seed o{ Pisum sativum; the large 

 concentrically stratified grains st are starch-grains (cut 

 through) ; the small granules a are aleurone, consisting 

 principally of legumine with a little oily matter; z'the inter- 

 cellular spaces. 



Fig. 49.— Cells from the cotyledon of the ripe seed oi Lupin us varius ; A in alcohol containing iodine ; B after destruction of 

 the grains by sulphuric acid ; z the cell-wall ; / the protoplasmic principal mass, containing but little oily matter ; y the aleurone- 

 grains ; a drops of oil expelled from the principal mass by action of the sulphuric acid ; m empty spaces from which the aleurone- 

 grains have been dissolved (x8oo). 



homogeneous matrix, which, as closer investigation shows, consists, according to the 

 oiliness of the seed, of more or less oil combined with albuminoids. The grains 

 themselves, on the other hand, consist, independently of certain enclosed matters, 

 of albuminoids. 



In the grains of aleurone the albuminoid must be distinguished from the en- 

 closed substances. The latter are either crystals of calcium oxalate, or they are 

 non-crystalline, roundish, or clustered granules. Globoids. These are a double 

 calcium and magnesium phosphate, in which the latter is greatly in excess. 



account of his labours for my use here ; what I have said above follows his views tolerably 

 closely. There is, in fact, scarcely any one who combines, to the same extent as Dr. Pfeffer, 

 the necessary skill in microscopic work with the chemical knowledge required in this excessively 

 difficult work. 



I 



