30 THALLOPHYTES. 



the Trichophorc. The uppermost of these cells elongates into a hair-like continuation, 

 the Trichogyne {B, tg, where the septa are not shown), which grows up beside the apical 

 cell (t) of the fertile branch. The three other peripheral cells divide, after the fertilisa- 

 tion of the trichogyne, and develope into articulated branches, which grow upwards close 

 to one another and form the peculiar ' Pericarp' (C) of Lejolisia. The spores arise in the 

 centre of this pericarp as outgrowths of the central cell, the cells of the trichophore not 

 participating in their formation. The trichophore is pressed aside by the cystocarp 

 (B, h, tg)j and hence at a later period the trichogyne occupies a lateral position. 



The relative positions of the parts of the cystocarp are more clearly shown in the 

 representation of Herpotbamnion hermaphroditum copied from Nageli (Fig. 167). On a 

 primary branch st (in A) arises a branch a, bearing an antheridium {an) and a young 

 cystocarp. The antheridium consists of an axial row of cells which is a prolongation of 

 the branch, and of the very short branches which shoot from its members and bear the 

 mother-cells of the spermatozoids, the whole being surrounded by a mucilaginous mass. 

 The female branch first of all forms the lower cells b^ c, and ends in the apical cell i ; 



Fig. 167. — Herpotha7nnio7i heymaphrodition. A a branch with the rudiment of the cystocarp y and an antheridium an. 

 fi the mature cystocarp after fertihsation (after Nageli in the Sitzungsberichte der k. bayer. Akad. 1861). 



the last cell between c and i forms the cystocarp, being divided into four peripheral and 

 one axial cell by longitudinal divisions ; of the former the one facing the observer {g) and 

 a lateral one on the left are shown ; another peripheral cell has become transformed by 

 transverse divisions into a row of cells, which form the trichophore (/), and the tricho- 

 gyne t. In Fig. 167, B, fertilisation has already taken place, the branch a does not here 

 bear an antheridium. The cell c corresponds to the cell c in A, and the apical cell / 

 with /in A\ the axial cell d corresponds to the one lying behind ^ in ^ ; the tri- 

 chogyne, 2^, and the cells of the trichophore lying beneath are still visible. From the 

 two lateral cells which in A lie next the trichophore, the masses of spores, g, h, have 

 arisen by the formation of very short branch-systems ; beneath the cell c filaments 

 shoot from the pedicel-cell a, and form the envelope of the cystocarp. It is clearly 

 seen in both examples that, as the result of the fertilisation of the trichogyne, the 

 masses of spores are produced not by this organ, bu:; by neighbouring cells which lie 

 deeper and do not in any way belong to the trichophore, but which originate in the same 

 way, and that the formation of the envelope of the cystocarp is also a consequence of 

 fertilisation. The fertilisation of the trichogyne takes place more immediately in the 

 Nemalieae to which Batrachospermum belongs^. In them there is no trichophore, but 



^ [Sirodot (Compt. Rend. May and June 1873) has found that the spores of Batrachospermum 

 produce a Chantransia from which again the Batrachospermum is developed. — Ed.] 



