(tKeaj^e heels. 19 



The ulceration of the nose is very bad, and the sores spread into his 

 throat ; the body also is sometimes afflicted with sores. The horse ultimately 

 dies in a wasted condition. 



Treatment. — Most horsemen recommend that the horse be shot as soon 

 as it is decided that he is afflicted with glanders, as they consider the disease 

 incurable, but if the following treatment is adopted early it may prove suc- 

 cessful : 



Give from one-half to one ounce doses of sulphite of soda at night, in 

 cut feed, for several weeks, and five grains Spanish flies (powdered) with it. 

 Give, at the same time, every morning and noon, a powder consisting of 

 three drachms powdered gentian, and two drachms powdered sulphate of 

 copper. Give the medicines for a long time, not only to cure the disease 

 but to improve the general health. Give a good liberal feed, and change the 

 feed often. 



GREASE HEELS. — This disease of the heels and legs of horses is char- 

 acterized by a white, offensive, greasy discharge from the heels of the horse. 

 The skin becomes hot, tender and swollen, and sometimes sloughs away, 

 leaving an ugly sore. 



Cause. — Sudden changes of the temperature of the earth, whether it be 

 from heat to cold or from wet to dry. This disease generally follows wet 

 streets, stables or lands. 



Treatment. — Keep the legs dry and cleansed well with castile soap and 

 soft water ; then apply, once a day, verdigris, one-half ounce ; rum or proof 

 spirits, one pint; mix, and shake well before applying. Or apply Kendall's 

 Spavin Cure after washing w^ell. Some use water, one pint ; sulphuric acid, 

 two drachms; corrosive sublimate, one drachm. Mix, and shake before 

 using. Some cases will be cured by keeping clean and appl3dng glycerine, 

 four ounces; carbolic acid, one drachm; mixed, and applied twice a day. 

 While some cases are cured quite readily, others will not heal for a long 

 time. 



For obstinate cases use the following: Take one pound concentrated 

 lye and dissolve it in two quarts water, and bottle for use ; when needed, pour 

 a wine-glassful of the solution of lye into six quarts of cold water, and wash 

 and bathe the heels for half an hour, night and morning. Dry the heels 

 often after the bathing, as they will become very moist. (See Scratches. ) 



HEAVES. — This disease is due to rupture and enlargement of the air 

 cells of the lungs, which lessens the value and usefulness of the horse. 



There is every degree of intensity to be seen in this disease, from the case 

 that is so slight that only the expert can detect it, to the one where the 

 patient finds it very difficult to breathe, even when not being exercised. 



Cause. — In cases of heaves, horses are always greedy eaters ; and it is 



