22 THE ARGUMENT OF THE UNITED STATES. 



the part of the territory affected comes by conquest or cession under 

 the territorial supremacy of another state, such servitude remains 

 in force. (Sec. 207.) 



Two fellow-countrymen of Vattel, Messrs. Bluntschli and Rivier, 

 considered at a later day the doctrine of international servitudes, and 

 accepted without question the validity of the conception in inter- 

 national law." 



German publicists of authority may also be cited as accepting and 

 stating without hesitation or qualification the theory and practice of 

 nations in the matter of international servitudes, among whom may 

 be mentioned G. F. de Martens, Kliiber, Heffter, Von Holtzendorff, 

 and Von Ullmann. 6 



To this list should be added the distinguished Austrian publicist, 

 Von Neumann. 



In like manner the French publicists accept the institution as es- 

 tablished in international law, and write with fullness of its nature 

 and character and the incidents belonging to it. The works of 

 Pradier-Fodere, Bonfils, and Despagnet, among those of the various 

 French writers dealing with the subject, may be examined with 

 profit.* 



The same doctrine is laid down by the Italian jurists, Fiore, Lo- 

 monaco, and Professor Diena. e 



The exposition of the subject by the last named of the Italian 

 writers is very full and satisfactory. 



The Russian publicist, Professor de Martens, treats at considerable 

 length the subject of servitudes and bases its acceptance in inter- 



Bluutschli: Droit International (1895), 5th ed., sees. 353-359, pp. 212-215; 

 Rivier: Principes du Droit des Gens (1896), vol. 1, sec. 23, pp. 296-303; Rivier: 

 Lchrbuch dcs Volkerrechts, 2d ed. (1899), p. 192. 



6 G. F. de Martens : Precis du Droit des Gens moderate de V Europe, edited by 

 Vergg, vol. 1, sec. 115, pp. 313-315 ; Kliiber : Droit dcs Gens moderne de V Europe, 

 sees. 137-139, pp. 194-198; Heffter: Droit International de I'Europe, French 

 edition by Geffcken (1883), sec. 43, pp. 104-108; Von Holtzendorff: Handbuch 

 des Volkerrechts, sec. 52, pp. 246-252; Von Ullmann: Volkerrechts, 2d ed. (1887), 

 sees. 99-100, pp. 319-324. 



Dr. Leopold F. Von Neumann : Grundriss des heutigen Europaischen Vol- 

 kerrechts, 3d ed. (1885), sec. 13, pp. 31-33. 



d Pradier-Fodere : Traite de Droit International Public, European et Amer- 

 icain (1885), Vol. II, sees. 834-845, pp. 395-^06; Bonfils: Manuel de Droit In- 

 ternational Public, 5th ed., edited by Fauchille (1908), sees. 339-344, pp. 189- 

 192; Despagnet: Cours de Droit International Public (1905), sees. 190-192, pp. 

 204-207. 



* Fiore: Nouveau Droit International Public (1885), vol. 2, sees. 829-830, 

 pp. 116-118 ; also vol. 1, sees. 380-381, pp. 336-338 ; Diritto Internationale Codi- 

 flcato, 4th ed. (1909), sees. 1095-1097, pp. 428-429; Lomonaco: Trattato di 

 Diritto Internazionale Pubblico (1905), p. 248; Diena : Principi di Diritto Inter- 

 nazionale (1908), pp. 125-129. 



