OMNIVORA THE SXULI* 



105^ 



Visceral Skeleton. 



In the adult Ruminant, two bones are 

 -commonly found in the heart, and may be 

 termed the cardiac bones (ossa cordis). They 

 are found related with the auriculo- ventric- 

 ular rings. Jn shape they present three 

 angles, three borders, and two surfaces. The 

 left bone is considerably smaller than the 



right. 



■ Fig. 27., 



OMNIVORA. Right cardiac bone of au Ox— natural 



size, a, Anterior angle ; b b, Posterior 

 The Omnivora are represented in Veterin- % angles; c, Superior border; d. Anterior 

 ary Anatomy only by the Hog. border: 



siiriciC6-. 



e. Posterior border ; /, Right 



Axial Skeleton.; 

 the skull. 



In the skull of this animal the following points are noteworthy. The siqwa^^ 

 occipital bone forms a very prominent crest ; the occipital condyles and the 

 foramen magnum are small ; the styloid processes very long, inclining back- 

 wards. The parietal bones are early anchylosed, the superior surface being 

 contracted in the middle, with a sharp ridge on each side, limiting the temporal 

 fossa. The orbital process of the frontal bone is short, the frontal arch being 

 <;ompleted by a ligament ; in the centre of 

 the bone, about a third from its anterior 

 border, is the supraorbital foramen, and from 

 it a groove passes forwards and outwaids. 

 The frontal bone articulates with the superior . 

 maxilla. The temporal is a smgle bone on 

 -each side ; the ])etrous portion is small, and 

 the zygomatic process large, bearing a promi- 

 nent spine. A ridge connects the external 

 auditory meatus, placed very high up, with 



the mastoid protuberance, which is very large, the styloid process being short] 

 The maxillary articulation is not supported behind by a well-marked process,' 

 and is smallest transversely.. The sphenoid is short, with large, flat pterygoid 

 processes; the wings do not project, but are nearly perpendicular; the sella 

 turcifc"a is deep, and the olivary and clmoid processes lar<::e. 



The nasal bones are long, straight, and strong, firnjly connected with X\iq 

 frontal and superior maxillary, but c\o not articulate with the lachrymal bones; 

 the nasal peak projects nearly to the level of the incisors. The lachrymals are 

 small, with lachrymal fossoe on the supero-cxtemal part of the bone instead of 

 in the or!)it, as in the horse and ox ; they are pierced by two conduit^ which' 

 afterwards form one. The malar bone is very strong, and the jygvmatic' 

 process large, awl terminating in two branches, between which rwsu the 

 zygomatic process of the temporal bone ; the anterior branch is short, and not 

 united to the orbital arch of the frontal bone. The superior m<fxil(a is propor-j 

 tionally rather short and narrow, and its surface concave, for the reception of 

 Jarge facial muscles ; it presents a large lateral protuberance anteriorly, whenco! 



FiG* 28. ^ . 

 Sknll of a Boar-«-l4tefal aspect.. 



