262 



COMPARATIVE MYOLOGY. 



and fills up the space b.etween the ilium, the last rib, and the lumbar verte- 

 bra). The fascia transversal! s" is better marked than in the horse. In the 



muscles of the sublumbar region 

 no comparison is necessary. 



The diaphragm in ruminants is 

 thick and strong, being propor- 

 tionate to the weight of tha zh- 

 dominal viscera, which it i: its 

 function to compress and fovea 

 backwards. The crura are bt)th 

 long and large, and the periphery 

 is attached more anteriorly than 

 in the horse In the camel the 

 diaphragm usually contains a 

 small bone. 



Pectoral Limb. 



The extensors of the metacarpus 

 are disposed as in the horse, ex-, 

 cepting that the tendoji of the 

 ohliquus is inserted to the great 

 metacarpal bone. The extensor 

 pedis is divided throughout its 

 length, giving rise to an rxternal 

 muscle, the extensor communis 

 digitorum^ and an internal one, 

 the extensor proprius internus, the 

 former being rather larger than 

 the latter. The tendons of these 

 muscles run down the metacarpus 

 in company,and at the commence- 

 ment of the digits that of the 

 extensor communis bifurcates, a 

 portion being inserted to the 

 pyramidal process of each distal 

 phalanx. The tendon of the 

 extensor propriuo internus re* 

 ceives slips irom the suspensory 

 ligament about the middle of the 

 first phalanx, and is attached to 

 the niedinn, and outer Gurface of 

 the internal distal phalanges. The 

 extensor suffraginis becomes, in 

 the ruminant, the extensor proprius 



Tendons and ligaments of left anterior extremity of 

 Ox, viewed from external side. a. Flexor perforatus 

 tendon ; a', Its superficial ; a". Its deep branch ; b, In- 

 tcrosseus metauarpeus ; c, Flexor perforans tendon ; 

 d d", c-e"', Superior suspensory ligament and attach- 

 ments ; d, anterior division ; d'. Its superficial branch, 

 blending at d" with extensor proprius tendon ; e, Deep 

 branch of posterior division ; e', c'', Branches forming 

 superior ligaments of small claw; e'". Inferior liga- 

 ment of small claw; /,^ Common annular ligament: 

 0, o', Superior and inferior special annular ligaments ; 

 h. Interdigital ligament ; i, i', Tendon of the extensor 

 proprius externus. 



externuSy difi^ering from the former 

 muscle of the horse in being thicker and stronger, an^ in being inserted in the 

 same manifer as the internus. These three muscles are all extensors, but the 



