io Domesday and Feudal Statistics 



Cart.), it may he observed, " apud dinariam" occurs 

 in point of time before " ad nonam." 



Reserving the discussion of how much land 

 may or may not be assigned to a plough for the 

 sequel, let it be noted that the valets and valuits 

 amts. Q !o86 and 1065 seem to represent the yearly 

 profits of manors from whatever cause arising, and 

 vuiani. that the term villani is used to distinguish the 

 whole class of villans, bordars, etc., holding by 

 base tenure from the liberi homines, and that 

 tenants in villenage were free, except as against 

 their lord. The Villan* proper would seem to 

 have held from 7 acres (Wiceford, fo. 192*2, 

 D. B., 17 villans each of 7 acres) to 2 hides 

 (Hanwell and West Bedfont D. B., co. Middle- 

 sex), with rights of pasturage ; let it be observed 

 that these may be assessed rather than areal 

 quantities, and that, in the case of villans of i and 

 2 hides (if areal), these were not all arable land, 

 and may have been partly held at a rent. Seebohm 

 (p. 102, " English Village Community ") allows the 

 average villan 20 to 21 acres in 1086, but considers 

 the A.S. gebur of 30 acres and 2 oxen, to answer 

 to the normal villan of the same amount : accord- 

 ing to the Middlesex Domesday an average villan 

 is rated at i virgate ; in the I. E. (Cantab.) at 

 10^ acres; the later custumals give examples of 

 holdings of 3, 5, 7^, io, 15, 20 acres, and virgates 

 for the classes embraced by the D. B. villans, 

 bordars and cottars, and precise definition of each 



* Villans usually owe week work andprecations,sokemen the 

 Opera. latter ; in 1321 (Hist. Pet.} free tenants as opposed to socagers 

 appear to owe no works of any kind ; see note, pp. 147-9. 



