THE VILL AND THE MANOR 53 



is only one whose sole recorded inhabitant is called a villan. 

 The same characteristics are found in Lincolnshire. On fol. 

 338 a are twelve sokelands, all of which are inhabited by soke- 

 men, either with or without villans and bordars, and not one 

 of which contains demesne. There is a list of twenty-four 

 sokelands pertaining to Chirchetone, 1 of which only one, 

 Hiboldeston, contains demesne ; but appended to the list is a 

 note, " Hiboldeston is berewick, and not sokeland," showing 

 that Hiboldeston has crept into the list by mistake. All but 

 Hiboldeston are inhabited by sokemen, either with or without 

 villans or bordars. To the manor of Gayton 2 were appurtenant 

 nine sokelands, none of which contained demesne, and all of 

 these were inhabited by sokemen. Occasionally we find in a list 

 of sokelands a tenement stated to be " inland," and containing 

 demesne. But the example of Hiboldeston suggests that such 

 have crept into the list by mistake, and should be considered 

 berewicks. The same features appear in Yorkshire. Twenty- 

 four sokelands pertained to Earl Edwin's manor of Alvertune, 

 in which resided, T. R. E., one hundred and sixteen sokemen, 

 and in which no demesne is recorded. There were twenty-one 

 sokelands pertaining to Tostig's manor of Walesgrif, in which, 

 T. R. E., were a hundred and eight sokemen with forty-six 

 teams, but no demesne. 3 So that a sokeland may be defined 

 as a tenement containing no demesne, and inhabited by soke- 

 men, either with or without villans and bordars. 



Then it should be noticed that in these four counties, the 

 marginal " M " denotes that the tenement under consideration 

 was a pre-Conquest manor. At first it would appear that this 

 prefix indicated a post-Conquest manor. Possibly it often 

 does, but in many cases the " M " is surmounted by a figure 



V 



" ' In Aettune ten thegns had (habuerunt) each his hall." 4 



" M ' In Barctune Godric [and seven others who are named] 



had 4 carucates of land (assessed) to geld. Ralph holds it." 5 j 



1 D. B., I. 338 b. 2 Id., I. 338 a 2. 3 Id., I. 299 a I. 



4 Id., I. 284 b. 2. 5 Id., I. 274 b I. 



