THE VILL AND THE MANOR 59 



perficiendum manerium "). Keen, a freeman, held 20 acres in 

 Bernungham (Norfolk), and was delivered to Walter Gifard to 

 complete his manor of Letheringsett. 1 Again, in Nottingham- 

 shire it would appear that the pre-Conquest manor was an 

 estate, if not of a definite size, at all events of a definite 

 constitution. " The thegn having more than six manors paid 

 a relief to the King of 8 ; a thegn with six manors or less 

 paid three marks to the sheriff." 2 



From its derivation, " berewick^_should mean a place where 

 barley is grown ; but in Domesday Book the word is used to 

 denote an_outlying portion of a manor: "Earl Alfgar held 

 Damardestun for a berewick in Bademondesfeld." 3 Berkeley 

 had twenty-one berewicks, and the manor of Tewkesbury was 

 composed of lands in sixteen vills. Tewkesbury was called the 

 " caput manerii," the head of the manor, and this term always 

 appears to be used for the portion which contained the manor 

 house, and gave its name to the whole area. 



Reference has been made to the sokelands as appurtenances 

 of a manor containing no demesne and inhabited by sokemen. 

 But berewicks are always distinguished from sokelands. In 

 the same way as sokelands are sometimes distinguished by the 

 marginal " S," so the berewicks are marked with a marginal 

 "B." Thus 



" B. In Wenflet three brothers had 7j gelding bovates. This is 

 inland in the aforesaid manor." 4 



" B. In Trichingeham is the inland of Newton." 5 



But " inland " is a species of demesne ; so that a berewick 

 differs from a sokeland in containing demesne. This distinc- 

 tion is emphasized by a few entries where " S & B " occur in 

 the margin 



" S & B. In Herlavestune 9 carucates are in the soke, and three 

 in the hall of Grantham. 



1 D. B., II. 242 b. 2 Id., I. 280 b i. 



Id., II. 438 b. 4 Id., I. 341 a 2. 



5 Id., I. 341 b i. 



