THE MARKETS 181 



/. THE MARKETS 



Markets and fairs are often recorded by the Domesday 

 Commissioners, and considering the great part that the 

 market plays in certain theories as to the origin of boroughs, 

 it is noteworthy that of the forty-two markets mentioned in 

 Domesday Book, only eleven are situate in places that are 

 called boroughs. The market was the most valuable of all 

 the franchises that could be annexed to a manor ; for it 

 was only at a market that the villagers could sell their 

 produce and procure the salt and iron and other necessaries 

 that they could not produce for themselves. The market 

 at Neatham (Hants.) produced 8 ; that of Basingstoke, 

 3oj. ; and the market and toll of Titchfield produced 40^. 

 The only recorded market in Oxfordshire was that of 

 Bampton, which yielded 50^. to the King. There was no 

 borough in Cornwall, but there were five market towns ; 

 St. German's had a market on Sundays, producing nothing 

 because the market of the Count of Mortain was too near to 

 it. 1 The count had taken away a market belonging to the 

 monks of St. Michael at Launceston, which was formerly 

 worth 2Os. ; 2 and there were markets at Bodmin, Liskeard, 

 and Trematon. 



New markets could be established only by the grant of 

 the Crown. The market of Tewkesbury was thus created by 

 Queen Matilda, probably when she was acting as the King's 

 deputy during his absence in Normandy ; 3 and in later 

 years such a grant would not be made till after an inquisitio 

 ad quod damnum an inquiry to ascertain whether the pro- 

 posed grant would injure another franchise. 



1 D. B., I. 120 b i. 2 Id., I. 120 b 2. 



8 Id., I. 163 b i. 



