CATTLK. 59 



The graziers of Kentucky and other parts of the West have 

 heretofore shown the greatest preference for the Short Horns, 

 but, in their case, they are found to be subject to one serious 

 objection. It is this : while they take on fat so readily when 

 well fed and become so heavy, they are unable to retain it 

 during the long journeys to the Eastern markets, where they 

 generally arrive in too meager a condition to command the 

 price of fat cattle. They require some breed which will be 

 able to carry their fat along with them.* 



9. The Alder ney or Jersey Breed. This breed of cattle is 

 from Normandy and the Isle of Jersey, and, although small and 

 awkwardly shaped, are much esteemed on account of the rich- 

 ness of their milk, of which, however, the quantity is small. 

 English noblemen keep Alderney cows in their parks to fur- 

 nish cream for their coffee. 



"When dried, the Alderney cow fattens with a rapidity that 

 would hardly be thought possible from her gaunt appearance. 

 In color, the Alderney breed is light red, dun, or fawn colored. 



10. The Galloway Breed. The Galloway breed of cattle is 

 well known for various valuable qualities, and is easily distin- 

 guished by the want of horns. The Galloways are broad across 

 the back, with a very slight curve between the head and the 

 quarters, and broad at the loins, the whole body having a fine 

 round appearance. The head is of moderate size, the ears 

 large and rough, the chest deep, and the legs short. The pre- 

 vailing color is black. This breed is highly esteemed, as there 

 is no other kind which arrives at maturity so soon ; and their 

 flesh is of the finest quality. Their milk is very fine, but is 

 not obtained in very large quantities. It is estimated that 

 30,000 of these cattle are annually sent out of Galloway. 



Another valuable breed of polled (or hornless) cows is bred 

 in Angus, which much resemble, in appearance, those of Gallo- 

 way ; they are, however, rather larger and longer in the leg, 

 flatter sided, and with thinner shoulders. 



* American Farmer's Encyclopedia. 



