72 FUNGI. 



divided into Ustilagincs * and Uredines.^ In the former, the 

 pseudospores are mostly dingy brown or blackish, and in the 

 latter more brightly coloured, often yellowish. The Ustilagines 

 include the smuts and bunt of corn-plants, the Uredines 

 include the red rusts of wheat and grasses. In some of the 

 species included in the latter, two forms of fruit are found. 

 In Melampsora, the summer pseudospores are yellow, globose, 

 and were formerly classed as a species of Lecythea, whilst 

 the winter pseudospores are brownish, elongated, wedge- 

 shaped by compression, and compact. The Puccinicei % differ 

 primarily in the septate pseudospores, which in one genus 

 (Puccinid) are uniseptate ; in Tripkragmivm, they are biseptate ; 

 in Phragmidium, multiseptate ; and in Xenodochus, moniliform, 

 breaking up into distinct articulations. It is probable that, in 

 all of these, as is known to be the case in most, the septate 

 pseudospores are preceded or accompanied by simple pseudo- 

 spores, to which they are mysteriously related. There is still 

 another, somewhat singular, group usually associated with the 

 Pttccini&i, in which the septate pseudospores are immersed in 

 gelatin, so that in many features the species seem to approach 

 the Tremellini. This group includes two or three genera, the 

 type of which will be found in Podisoma.^ These fungi are 

 parasitic on living junipers in Britain and North America, 

 appearing year after year upon the same gouty swellings of the 

 branches, in clavate or horn-shaped gelatinous processes of a 

 yellowish or orange colour. Anomalous as it may at first sight 

 appear to include these tremelloid forms with the dust-like fungi, 

 their relations will on closer examination be more fully appre- 

 ciated, when the form of pseudospores, mode of germination, and 

 other features are taken into consideration, especially when 

 compared with Podisoma Mlisii, already alluded to. This family 

 is technically characterized as, 



* Tulasne, "Mdmoire stir les Ustilagine'es, " "Ann. des Sci. Nat." (1847), vii. 

 12-73. 



t Tulasne, "Memoire surles Uredine'es," "Ann. des Sci. Nat." (1854), ii. 78. 



J Tulasne, "Sur les Uredinees," " Ann. des Sci. Nat." 1854, ii. pi. 9. 



Cooke, M. 0.," Notes on Podisoma, "in "Journ. Quek. Micr. Club," No. 17 

 (1871), p. 255. 



