192 FUNGI. 



to Cryptogamic Botany " from Sphcerotheca Castagnei 9 which is 

 the hop mildew.* The vine disease, hop mildew, and rose 

 mildew, are the most destructive species of this group, and the 

 constant annoyance of cultivators. 



When first describing an allied fungus found on old paper, and 

 named Ascotricha chartarum, the Rev. M. J. Berkeley called atten- 

 tion to the presence of globose conidia attached to the threads 

 which surround the conceptacles,t and this occurred as long 

 since as 1838. In a recent species of Chcetomium found on old 

 sacking, Chcetomium griseum, Cooke,J we have found tufts in all 

 respects similar externally to the Chcetomium, but no perithecium 

 was formed, naked conidia being developed apparently at the 

 base of the coloured threads. In Chcetomium funicolum, Cooke, 

 a black mould was also found which may possibly prove to be 

 its conidia, but at present there is no direct evidence. 



The brothers Tulasne have made us acquainted with a greater 

 number of instances amongst the Sphceriacei in which multiple 

 organs of reproduction prevail. Very often old and decaying 

 individuals belonging to species of Boletus will be found filled, 

 and their entire substance internally replaced, by the threads and 

 multitudinous spores of a golden yellow parasite, to which the 

 name of Sepedonium chrysospermum has been given. According 

 to Tulasne, this is merely a condition of a sphreriaceous fungus 

 belonging to his genus Hypomyces. 



The same observers also first demonstrated that Trichoderma 

 viride, P., was but the conidia-bearing stage of Hypocrca rufa, 

 P., another sphaeriaceous fungus. The ascigerous stroma of the 

 latter is indeed frequently associated in a very close manner with 

 the cushions of the pretended Trichoderma, or in other cases the 

 same stroma will give rise to a different apparatus of conidia, 

 of which the principal elements are acicular filaments, which are 

 short, upright, and almost simple, and which give rise to small 



* See also Berkeley, in "Trans. Ilort. Soc. London," vol. ix. p. 68. 

 t Berkeley, in "Ann. Nat. Hist." (June, 1838), No. 116. 

 I " Grevillea," vol. i. p. 176. 



Tulasne, "On Certain Fungicolous Sphserije/'i n "Ann. des Sci. Nat." 

 4"ser. xiii. (1860>, .p. 5. 



