202 FUNGI. 



differ not only from those of Puccinia graminis, but from those 

 of all other European species. 



From this account, then, it is extremely probable that the 

 Mcidium of the berberry enters, into the cycle of existence of 

 Puccinia, graminis, and, if this be true, wherefore should not 

 other species of Puccinia be related in like manner to other 

 JEtddia ? This is the conclusion to which many have arrived, 

 and, taking advantage of certain presumptions, have, we fear, 

 rashly associated many such forms together without substantial 

 evidence. On the leaves of the primrose we have commonly a 

 species of ^Ecidium, Puccinia, and Uromyces nearly at the same 

 time ; we may imagine that all these belong to one cycle, but 

 it has not yet been proved. Again, Uromyces cacalice, linger, 

 TJredo cacalice, linger, and JEcidium cacalia, Thumen, are con- 

 sidered by Heufler * to form one cycle. Numerous others are 

 given by Fuckel,t and De Bary, in the same memoir from which 

 we have already cited, notes Uromyces appendiculatus. Link., 

 U. phaseolorum, Tul., and Puccinia tragopogonis, Ca., as possessing 

 five kinds of reproductive organs. Towards the end of the year, 

 shortly stipitate spores appear on their stroma, which do not fall 

 off. These spores, which do not germinate till after a shorter or 

 longer winter rest, may conveniently be called resting spores, or, 

 as De Bary calls them, teleutospores, being the last which are 

 produced. These at length germinate, become articulated, and 

 produce ovate or kidney-shaped spores, which in their turn 

 germinate, penetrating the cuticle of the mother plant, avoiding 

 the stomates or apertures by which it breathes. After about 

 two or three weeks, the mycelium, which has ramified among the 



Berne by Shuttleworth in 1833. It is named by him ^Ecidium graveolens, and 

 differs in the following particulars from jficidium berberidis. The peridia are 

 scattered as in JR. Epilobii, and not collected in clusters. They are not so 

 much elongated. The cells are larger, and the orange spores nearly twice the 

 diameter. There is a decided, strong, but unpleasant odour in the fresh plant ; 

 hence the name. The above figures (figs. 107, 108). of the cells and spores of 

 both species are drawn by camera lucida to the same scale 380 diameters. 



* Freiherrn von Hohenbiihel-Heufler, in "CEsterr. Botan. Zeitschrift," 

 No. 3, 1870. 



t Fuckel, "Symbolse Mycologies ' ' (1869), p. 49. 



