FUNGOID PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS. 17 



The species was first discovered in Siberia, but has recently been 

 found in gardens in this country, although hitherto there has been no 

 record of its appearance in Continental Europe. 



There is no accounting for the manner in which some of these 

 parasites diffuse themselves, so as to suddenly appear, and perhaps as 

 suddenly disappear, in localities far remote from each other. 



Another species, Glceosporium Martianoffianum, with the conidia twice 

 as large, has also been found in Siberia on the same host-plant. 



Diluted Bordeaux mixture checks the disease. 



Sacc. Syll. iii. 3660 ; Grcuillea, xiv. 123. 



COLUMBINE LEAF-SPOT. 

 Ascochyta Aquilegia (Roum.), PI. I. fig. 10. 



One kind of leaf -spot has been found in this country on Columbine 

 leaves, and has probably migrated from France, where it was first 

 discovered. 



The spots on the leaves are somewhat rounded and nearly white 

 (J-l m. diam.), with a dusky margin, dotted towards the centre of the 

 spots with the minute perithecia. 



The conidia are narrowly elliptical, with a brownish tint, and are 

 divided by a septum across the centre into two cells. 



If troublesome, try spraying with one of the fungicides. 



Sacc. Syll. iii. 2191. 



Another leaf-spot has been found in France on Columbines, Phyllo- 

 sticta aquilegicola (Br.), with brownish spots and small continuous 

 conidia (8 x 2 ju). 



Another occurs in Italy, in which the spots are whitish, with a broad 

 brown margin, but the conidia are long and threadlike. This is called 

 Septoria Penzigii. The purple spot parasite has also been found in 

 Italy. Septoria Aquilegice has rather longer threadlike conidia. The 

 North American leaf-spot is perhaps different. 



A tufted mould, seated on purple-brown spots, is known in the 

 United States as Cercospora Aquilegice, of which the conidia are very 

 long (140-300 x 6-6/1). 



COLUMBINE CLUSTER-CUPS. 

 jEcidium Aquilegice (Pers.). 



These cluster-cups have often been regarded as a variety of the 

 Ranunculus cluster-cups, but there are other writers who contend that they 

 constitute a distinct species, without any indication of either uredospores 

 or teleutospores being affiliated thereto. They occur collected in clusters 

 upon round or irregular yellow spots, with a violet-brown margin, on 

 leaves of Columbine. 



The cups are shortly cylindrical, on the under surface, seated upon a 

 thickened cushionlike base. The rccidiospores are compressed and 

 angular (16-30 x 14-20 /LI), orange in colour, and distinctly warted. 



They have been known for many years as occasional occurrences in 



c 



