132 FUNGOID PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS. 



At first the branch swells, which is followed by a longitudinal cracking 

 and gaping of the bark. Then the surface is covered with a dark olive 

 velvety coating of mould, which produces the conidia. 



Later on in the season the olive mould disappears, and a thick out- 

 growth of fungus mycelium succeeds, which produces a stroma, or bed for 

 the ensuing fungus. During the winter, cavities are formed in this 

 stroma, and these contain cylindrical sacs, or asci, closely packed together, 

 each enclosing eight sporidia, which are oblong, unequally two-celled 

 (16-20 x 8-10 ft). 



As it is confined to the United States we must leave with the 

 sufferers to adopt the best means at their disposal to exterminate the pest. 



Farloiv, Bull. Buss. Inst. 1876, p. 440, plates ; Sacc. Syll. ii. 5295 ; 

 Mass. PI. Dis. p. 187, fig. 26. 



CHEERY-TREE VALSA. 

 Valsa leucostoma (Fr.). 



Cherry-trees along the Rhine have shown signs of decay, the trees 

 having suffered through late frosts exposing them to the attacks of 

 a sphaeriaceous fungus, long known as a saprophyte under the name of 

 Valsa leucostoma. Cutting away the branches affected and putting tar 

 over the wound has been effective. 



Journ. R.H.S. xxviii. p. 242. 



PEACH ROT, OR ANTHRACNOSE. 

 Glceospormm laticolor (Berk.), PI. XL fig. 20. 



This disease attacks the mature fruits and produces depressed spots 

 which are whitish in the centre with a blackened margin. The pustules 

 are circularly arranged towards the centre, and are rosy, seated beneath 

 the cuticle. The conidia, which are produced in the pustules, are oblong, 

 with the contents retracted at each end, oozing out when mature in pale 

 rosy tendrils (16-17 ft long). 



The same disease is credited with attacking Figs when approaching 

 maturity, although some writers have suggested that the species which 

 attacks Figs is the same as that which attacks Apples and Grapes 

 (Glaosporium fructigenum). The difference between them is mainly 

 in the size of the conidia, whilst the precautions and remedies remain the 

 same. 



All the species of " Anthracnose," as they are termed in America, 

 are dreadfully injurious, and are recognised as the most persistent of 

 pests. This is possibly the same species as Glwosporium fructigenum. 



Sacc. Syll. iii. 8753 ; Gard. Chron. 1859, p. 604, and December 6, 

 1890 ; Cooke Hdbk. No. 1410 ; Thiim. Pom. p. 57. 



PEACH RUST. 

 Uromyces Amygdali (Pass.), PI. XL fig. 21. 



When the rust on the Peach leaves was first submitted to us we 

 declined to regard it as any form of Puccinia Pruni, and accepted the 

 name given by Passerini of Uromyces Amygdali. We are concerned with 



