FUNGOID PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS. 137 



found. The subjacent tissue at this stage is traversed by multitudes of 

 thick, succulent, branched threads. The progress of the disease is rapid, 

 the brown spot increases in size, the centre is occupied by a dense mass 

 of mould consisting of closely set roundish tufts the threads of which 

 bear necklaces of spores, the central ones lemon-shaped, and as the 

 disease spreads the little tufts often assume a concentric disposition. At 

 length the whole fruit gives way, and either drops off or remains attached 

 to the tree, withered and wrinkled, like a large mouldy Plum (conidia 

 25 x 10-12 p). (Fig. 18.) 



The methods hitherto recommended for this disease are to remove and 

 destroy all diseased fruit and to spray the trees, so as to prevent the 

 germination of all the spores which may be adhering to the bark. 

 Dissolve four pounds of sulphate of iron in five or six gallons of water. 



Gard. Chron. Aug. 27, 1864 ; Mass. PL Dis. 300, fig. 79 ; Sacc. Syll. 

 iv. No. 157 ; Cooke Hdbk. No. 1812 ; Tubeuf, Dis. 497 ; Journ. E.H.S. 

 1902, xxvi. p. 738, fig. 311 ; McAlpine Fung. Dis. p. 53, pi. viii. fig. 2 ; 

 Journ. Q.M.C. 1904, p. 61. 



WALNUT ANTHEACNOSE. 

 Marsonia Juglandis (Lib.), PL XII. fig. 26. 



This parasite on Walnut leaves has long been known in this country, 

 and certainly sometimes appears to take possession of nearly every leaf of 

 a full-sized tree. 



The spots appear on the under surface of the leaves, and are large, 

 often irregular in form, being limited by the veins of the leaves, generally 

 of a greyish colour, at length causing the leaves to fall. The pustules are 

 seated on the spots, and are flattened and of a brown colour, at length 

 expelling the mature conidia through a pore or fissure. The conidia are 

 somewhat spindle-shaped, a little beaked at the apex, and divided by a 

 septum across the centre into two cells (20-25 x 5 //). 



It has been recorded in France, Germany, Portugal, and Italy. 



Sacc. Syll. iii. 4028 ; Cooke Hdbk. No. 1233. 



FIG ANTHEACNOSE. 

 Gloeosporium fructigenum (Berk.), PL X. fig. 4. 



In the year 1864 certain Fig orchards in Sussex were attacked by a 

 disease, so that the whole crop became more or less affected, and the 

 fruits dropped off before they were ripe. On this occasion the fungus 

 appeared as a circular patch of little pustules, which were destitute of 

 any common receptacle, but constituted little cavities which contained a 

 mass of minute hyaline elliptical sporules, or conidia, enclosing a small 

 nucleus at each extremity. When matured the walls of the cell con- 

 tracted, and the sporules were forced out from an opening at the apex in 

 the form of little tendrils. 



We have referred to this same disease previously as attacking Apples, 

 and must revert to it for any additional information. 



Gard. Chron. 1856, p. 245, Aug. 27, 1864 ; Mass. PL Dis. p. 281 ; 

 Cooke Hdbk. No. 1411. 



