146 FUNGOID PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS. 



AMERICAN GOOSEBERRY MILDEW. 



Sph&rotheca Mors-uva (Schw.). 



This disease has been widely and well known in the United States 

 for scores of years, but only recently has visited Ireland, which entitles it 

 to notice here. As a proof of its virulence, one American writer states : 

 " The mildew of the Gooseberry is the most serious obstacle to the 

 successful culture of the foreign Gooseberry in the United States." 



It first makes its appearance on the young half -grown leaves and the 

 unfolding bud of the shoot. Then it has a cobwebby appearance, which 

 soon becomes white and powdery. Soon after this patches may be found 

 on the berries, usually on one side more than on the other. Later on 

 the leaves, petioles, and young stems turn a rusty-brown colour, and 

 become thickly coated with the fungus. The berries at the same time are 

 covered with brown patches of mycelium, which may be readily peeled off. 



The conceptacles are developed upon the mycelium in this species, as 

 well as on the Hop mildew, and the sporidia (15 p long) are in like 

 manner developed within the asci. 



Experiments made have shown that as a fungicide in this instance 

 potassium sulphide was far more effective than Bordeaux mixture, lysol, or 

 formalin, using one ounce of potassium sulphide to two gallons of water. 

 Repeat the application every ten days till the fruit is nearly mature. 



Sacc. Syll. i. No. 12 ; Grevillea, iv. p. 158 ; Journ. E.H.S. xxv. 

 (1890), p. 140, fig. 37 ; xxvii. (1902), p. 596, fig. 166 ; xxix. 1904, p. 102 ; 

 Mass. PL Dis. 97. 362 ; Gard. Chron. Oct. 28, 1905, p. 305. 



GOOSEBERRY POLYPORE. 

 Forties Eibis (Fries). 



This hard woody Polyporus may often be found growing at the base 

 of the stems of old Gooseberry and Currant bushes, and has now the 

 credit of being a true parasite. 



It consists of a hard woody pileus, almost hoof-shaped and often 

 several together, one placed above the other, and from two to four inches 

 across. The upper surface convex, yellowish-brown, and when young 

 minutely velvety, but becoming bald and smooth when old, with con- 

 centric zones. The under surface nearly plane, and pierced with 

 innumerable minute pores of a brownish-grey colour. When cut in 

 section the fibrous flesh is of a rusty-brown colour. 



This fungus is perennial, and lasts from year to year, but is only 

 found on quite old bushes, which may easily be replaced by more youth- 

 ful successors. 



Sacc. Syll. Hym. ii. No. 5427 ; Mass. PL Dis. 185 ; Cooke Hdbk. 

 No. 780. 



RASPBERRY CANE SPOT. 

 Phyllosticta pallor (Berk.), PI. XII. fig. 35. 



This spot on the living Raspberry canes was first observed by Berkeley 

 many years ago, and was called Ascochyta pallor, albeit the conidia were 

 not two-celled. 



