148 FUNGOID PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS. 



It is supposed to have a species of Cluster-cups, just to save the con- 

 sciences of the uredinists, although nothing like a Cluster-cup. This is 

 the old Uredo gyrosa, with the pustule forming a little kind of ring 

 which is indented in the centre. ^Ecidiospores (?) globose, rough, yellow, 

 (20-28 /x diam.). 



The uredospores form little pustules, scattered, or sometimes gathered 

 in circles, the spores being spherical or ovoid, rough, and orange-yellow 

 (16-22 /u diam.). 



The teleutospores are the most imposing, being produced in tufts or 

 clusters, the upper portion, or the proper teleutospore, being elongated, 

 cylindrical, rounded at each end, or with a hyaline wart like apiculus at 

 the apex, divided transversely into from six to ten cells (90-140 x 20-35 p), 

 externally warted, and of a dark brown colour, with a long colourless stem 

 (110-160 x 17-20 p), a little thickened below, straight or curved, and a 

 little flattened laterally. 



Each cell is capable of separate germination, as if it were an individual 

 spore. 



Known in France, Belgium, Ardennes, Switzerland, Germany, Finland, 

 Austria, Lapland, Italy, and North America. 



Sacc. Syll \ii. 2626 ; Mass. PL Dis. 258 ; Cooke M. F. 201, f. 43 ; 

 Cooke Hdbk. No. 1459 ; Grevillea, iii. t. 45, fig. 9 ; Plowr. Br. Ured. 226. 



LITTLE STRAWBERRY SPOT. 

 Phyllosticta fragaricola (Desm.), PI. XII. fig. 38. 



This is one of the ordinary forms of spot on Strawberry leaves in 

 which the spots are small, rounded, and whitened in the centre, with a 

 blood-red margin. The conceptacles are few upon the spots, and dot-like. 

 The conidia, or sporules, are oblong and minute (5x2 /*). 



It is noteworthy that in so many of the species of Phyllosticta, or spot 

 with minute spores, we should have similar and corresponding spots of 

 the Septoria type with long thread-like spores, that is to say, there may 

 be on the same kind of leaves spots precisely similar, which in one case 

 produce minute spores and in another long and thread-like spores, the 

 difference being entirely that of the fructification. It has been suggested 

 that the perithecia which at an early period produce minute sporules 

 may at a later period produce thread-like sporules ; but this is only con- 

 jecture without evidence. And yet future knowledge of the life history 

 of these parasites may make it all plain. 



Sacc. Syll. iii. 219 ; Grevillea, xiv. 73. 



A leaf-spot precisely similar is known in Portugal and Italy (Asco- 

 chyta Fragaria) in which the sporules are elliptical i (12-1 5 x 3-4 /u) and 

 two-celled. Has appeared also in the United States, and threatens mis- 

 chief. 



STRAWBERRY-LEAF SPOT. 

 Septoria Fragarue (Desm.), PL XII. fig. 39. 



This spot is familiar upon all Strawberry plants, but commonly in a 

 sterile condition. It occurs upon the upper surface of Strawberry leaves 



