198 FUNGOID PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS. 



JUNIPER JELLY-RUST. 

 Gymnosporangium clavariiforme (Jacq.), PI. XVIII. fig. 44. 



The proper cluster-cups of this species are said to be produced on the 

 leaves and fruits of the Hawthorn, and were formerly known as Rozstelia 

 lacerata. 



The teleutospores are developed on the living twigs of Juniperus 

 communis, which are previously swollen, and then the fungus issues 

 through fissures in the bark in soft gelatinous club-shaped orange 

 tongues, often flattened, sometimes forked, and curved or flexuous. 



The teleutospores are oblong-fusiform, divided across the centre 

 into two cells, and yellowish (70-1 20x1 4-20 /*), on very long colourless 

 pedicels. 



Each cell is capable of germination, in the same manner as the Savin 

 rust. 



It has been recorded for France, Belgium, Germany, Finland, Austria, 

 Hungary, Dalmatia, Italy, and North America. 



The teleutospores are nearly twice as long as in Gymnosporangium 

 juniperinum. 



Journ. Q.M.S. 1871, t. xix. fig. 1 ; Cooke, M. F. p. 214 ; Sacc. Syll. 

 vii. 2606; Plowr. Brit. Ured. p. 233; Cooke,\Hdbk. No. 1516; Hart.d 

 Som. in Dis. Trees, p. 158. 



JUNIPER JELLY-MASS. 

 Gymnosporangium juniperinum (Linn,), PI. XVIII. fig. 45. 



This jelly fungus has its reputed cluster-cups on the leaves of Moun- 

 tain Ash, under the former name of Rczstelia cornuta, and the teleuto- 

 spores are developed on the branches of Juniperus communis. Thus it 

 will be observed that two similar gelatinous fungi are produced on the 

 branches of the same kind of Juniper. 



The gelatinous masses in this species are more expanded than in the 

 preceding, at first mostly hemispherical, then pear-shaped, pleated in 

 folds or collapsing, at first tawny-yellow, and afterwards golden-yellow. 

 The teleutospores are ellipsoid or oblong, narrowed towards each end, 

 and divided across the centre into two cells (40 75 x!7 27 yu), on very 

 long slender pedicels. This species was the only one originally called a 

 Gymnosporangium. 



Known in Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, Finland, Austria, Italy 

 and North America, and sometimes called Gymnosporangium conicum. 



Journ. Q.M.S. 1871, t. xviii. fig. 2 ; Cooke, M. F. p. 214; Plowr. Brit. 

 Ured. p. 235 ; Cooke, Hdbk. No. 1515 ; Berk. Outl. t. 2, f. 5 ; Hart. & 

 Som. in Dis. Trees, p. 157. 



YEW LEAP SPH^ERELLA. 

 Spharella Taxi (Cooke), PI. XVIII. fig. 46. 



This parasite was first observed in the South of England, where it was 

 at work destroying Yew trees by infesting all the leaves, and it has since 



