206 FUNGOID PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS. 



The dead leaves should be collected and burnt to prevent the sporidia 

 communicating infection. 



Sacc. Syll ii. 5091 ; Sow. B. F. t. 374, fig. 3 ; Cooke, Hdbk. No. 2412. 



BROWN ASH-LEAF SPOT. 

 Phyllosticta fraxinicola (Curr.). 



Not uncommon on living leaves of the Ash, in circular or irregular 

 brownish spots, with a blackish margin. The receptacles are very minute, 

 as usual, like small black dots scattered over the spots. The sporules are 

 elliptical or curved (5-7^ /< long) and colourless. 



It was first described by Currey as a simple Sphceria, but the sporules 

 are not enclosed in asci. 



Known also in France and Germany. 



Sacc. Syll. iii. 106 ; Grevillea, xiv. 72, No. 381 ; Curr. Simp. Sph. 

 No. 388, fig. 148. 



A great number of leaf-spots, caused by fungi of several genera, have 

 been recorded on Ash leaves in Europe and America, but they do not 

 appear to have been regarded as inflicting any serious injury. 



COMMON ASH-LEAF SPOT. 

 Septoria Fraxini (Desm.), PL XIX. fig. 15. 



This leaf -spot, on living leaves of the Ash, is common and affects 

 almost every leaf of any tree which it attacks. The conceptacles are very 

 minute, and immersed in the substance of the leaf, forming irregular 

 patches, sometimes covering the entire leaflet. The sporules are cylin- 

 drical, obtuse at the ends, with a row of small nucleoles. 



Known also in France, Belgium, Germany, Portugal, Italy, and North 

 America. 



Sacc. Syll iii. 2672 ; Cooke, Hdbk. No. 1331 ; Grevillea, xiv. 101, 

 No. 482. 



Several species of anthracnose are recorded as occurring on Ash leaves 

 in the United States, but not hitherto in Europe. 



HEARTWOOD-ROT. 

 Polyporus hispidus (Fries). 



This large polypore is a wound parasite, and will attack various broad- 

 leaved trees. In orchards it seems to prefer the Apple, and we have seen 

 it commonly upon the Ash. It often attains a large size, nearly a foot 

 across, fixed by a broad base, and extending in a semicircular manner. 

 It is of a dark brown colour, and the upper surface is coarsely velvety or 

 hairy, and the internal substance soft and fibrous. The under surface is 

 paler, of a yellowish-brown colour, punctured with innumerable pores. 

 Whilst growing these pores exude water, which drips away in considerable 

 quantity even in dry weather. 



It can only obtain access to a tree through a wound, when the 

 mycelium attacks the heartwood, the trunk soon becomes hollow, although 



