FUNGOID PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS. 227 



SPRUCE-LEAF REDNESS 

 Hypoderma macro sporum (Hart.) 



is produced on the leaves of the Spruce, also in the Erzgebirge, and in 

 Switzerland. 



Hart. & Som. Dis. Trees, p. 109, fig. 51 ; Sacc. Syll. ii. 5789. 



SPRUCE SHOOT DISEASE. 

 Septoria parasitica (Hart.). 



This new disease has manifested itself on the Continent in young 

 Spruce woods and in seed-beds. 



Hart. & Som. Dis. Trees, p. 143, figs. 81, 82. 



PINE-LEAF CAST. 

 Lophodermium Pinastri (Chev.), PI. XXI. fig. 52. 



This little parasite has long been known on the leaves of Conifers, 

 but only recently has it been charged as a special disease, especially on 

 seedlings. Hartig says its presence is often indicated by the appearance 

 of brown blotches on the primary leaves, the rest of the leaf being purple- 

 red. The early condition of spermogonia appears first on the leaves as 

 small black spots, often killing them. 



In the final stage the conceptacles are scattered, at first innate, 

 elliptical or elongated, black, smooth, split lengthwise so that the mouth 

 opens like a pair of lips when moist, and discloses a livid- coloured disc, 

 which is composed of myriads of cylindrical asci, closely packed side by 

 side, the apices of which form the disc (115-150 x 14-16 p). The sporidia, 

 of which eight are enclosed in an ascus, are thread-like, thickened at the 

 apex, collected in a parallel bundle (100-140 x 1^-2 /i), the asci mixed 

 with a number of slender paraphyses which are curved at the tips. This 

 final stage only matures after the leaves have fallen to the ground. 



Known in France, Belgium, Germany, Sweden, Finland, Italy, and 

 North America. 



Hart. & Som. Dis, Trees, p. 110, figs. 56, 57 ; Mass. PL Dis. p. 139, 

 fig. 27 ; Sacc. Syll. ii. 5819 ; Cooke, Hdbk. No. 2302 ; Grev. Sc. Crypt. 

 Fl. t. 60. 



CONIFER EOT POLYPORE. 



Polyporus Schweinitzii (Fries). 



This large brown polypore has the reputation of being destructive to 

 Larch, Scotch Fir, and Weymouth Pine. 



The pileus is thick, soft, and spongy, of large size (6-9 inches diam.), 

 but variable in form, rounded or angular and deformed, flattened or 

 depressed, tomentose or coarsely velvety, bright brown, supported upon a 

 thick, short stem of the same colour, which is sometimes nearly suppressed. 

 Under surface punctured with large pores, which are torn at the edge, 

 and at first greenish-sulphur colour. Spores ovoid (7-8 x3j //,). 



Q2 



