FUNGOID PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS. 243 



attacks the culms and beneath the sheaths of growing reeds in a manner 

 similar to Ustilago hypodytes, but on a much grander scale, extending 

 sometimes for several inches, in a broad blackish powdery belt. 



The spores are globose, oblong, sometimes angular (7-12 x 6-9^), 

 smooth, with a yellow-brown coat. The promycelium, on germination, is 

 cylindrical, with two or three septa ; the sporidiola are terminal or lateral, 

 and broadly fusiform. 



This was originally called Ustilago typhoides by Berkeley. 



Known in Belgium, Germany, Finland, and Hungary. 



Berk. Not. Br. F. No. 480 ; Sacc. Syll. vii. 1642 ; CooJce, M. F. p. 229, 

 figs. 128, 129 ; CooJce, Hdbk. No. 1527 ; Plowr. Brit. Ured. p. 275. 



REED MILDEW. 

 Puccinia Phragmitis (Schum.), PL XXIII. fig. 29. 



Originally known as Puccinia arundinacea (Hedw.) and developed on 

 the leaves and sheaths of the common Reed. The cluster-cups supposed 

 to belong to this species are found on Dock leaves, Sorrel, and Rhubarb ; 

 the uredospores are produced in oblong tawny sori, and the spores are 

 elliptical or broadly ovate (26-35 x 15-22^), brownish-warted. Teleuto- 

 spores developed on both surfaces of the leaves, sheaths, or culms, and are 

 erumpent, elevated, compact, oblong, linear or confluent, dark brown. 

 Teleutospores crowded, elliptical or oblong, subfusoid (40-75 x 16-26^u) , 

 constricted at the middle, apex thickened and conoid, smooth, dark 

 yellowish- brown, on very long hyaline pedicels, which are often persistent. 



Found also in Italy, France, Switzerland, Germany, Belgium, North 

 America and South Africa. 



Sacc. Syll. vii. 2204 ; Cooke, Hdbk. No. 1468. 



B. ON DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS. 



TURNIP WHITE MOULD. 

 Oidium Balsamii (Mont.), PI. VII. fig. 102. 



This mould, which is not uncommon on leaves of Turnips, and other 

 plants, has already been described under " Garden Vegetables " (p. 84) and 

 figured on PI. VII. fig. 102. 



Gard. Chron. Sept. 25, 1880 ; Smith, Field Crops, p. 76, figs. 27, 28. 



TURNIP ROT MOULD. 

 Peronospora parasitica (Pers.), PL VI. fig. 30, 



This rot mould, which attacks Turnips and Cabbages, and is capable 

 of causing great destruction, has already been described amongst " Pests of 

 Garden Vegetables " (p. 81) and figured on PL VI. fig. 30, 



Sacc. Syll. vii. 830; Smith, Field Crops, p. 80; Cooke, Hdbk. No. 

 1778. 



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