FUNGOID PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS. 253 



diseases, such as Rose mildew, Hop mildew, and other Erysiphai and 

 surface moulds, like Oidium. 



Arsenical Solution. One ounce of arsenic dissolved in a little alcohol 

 and mixed with 100 gallons of water. 



This is recommended in America for spraying Carnation rust, but it 

 must not be used on fruit trees or plants, on account of its poisonous 

 nature. 



Berichonne Mixture. Dissolve six and a half pounds of sulphate 

 of copper in four gallons of hot water. In another vessel dissolve 

 seven and a half pounds of carbonate of soda. When cold mix the 

 two solutions and add one pint and three quarters of liquid ammonia. 

 Dilute with water to make forty-four gallons. 



Similar in use to ammoniacal carbonate of copper. 



Bordeaux Mixture. Sulphate of copper sixteen pounds dissolved in 

 twenty-two gallons of water. Thirty pounds of lime dissolved in six 

 gallons of water. When the lime-and- water is cold mix the two solutions 

 together slowly and thoroughly. 



The above is the original formula, of which the following is a modi- 

 fication : 



Sulphate of copper six pounds, dissolved in four gallons of hot water. 

 Four pounds of lime dissolved in four gallons of cold water. When the 

 solutions are cold mix thoroughly, and when desired for use dilute to 

 twenty- two gallons with cold water. 



Air-slaked lime should never be used, since it injures the foliage. 



This is considered to be the cheapest and best all-round fungicide ; 

 indeed general testimony is that "it is the most effective fungicide 

 known." JOUKN. R.H.S. xxviii. 1904, p. 654. 



Condy's Fluid. See Potash Permanganate. 



Eau Celeste, or Blue Water. Dissolve one pound of sulphate of copper 

 in three or four gallons of warm water. When completely dissolved, and 

 the water has cooled, add one pint of liquid ammonia, then dilute to 

 twenty-two gallons. The concentrated liquid should be kept in a keg, or 

 some wooden vessel, and diluted when required for use. 



The following is a modified formula : 



Sulphate of copper two pounds, carbonate of soda two and a half 

 pounds, ammonia one and a half pint, to twenty-two gallons of water. 



Dissolve the sulphate of copper in two gallons of hot water ; in another 

 vessel dissolve the carbonate of soda in a similar manner ; mix the two 

 solutions, and when all chemical reaction has ceased add the ammonia 

 and dilute to twenty-two gallons. 



Gastine Mixture. Dissolve in one pint and three quarters of liquid 

 ammonia two or two and a half ounces of carbonate of copper. To be 

 diluted when required for use to twenty-two gallons by the addition of 

 water. 



Gishurst Compound. A. well-known preparation which is useful in 

 some cases and has been recommended. 



Iron Mixture. Prepare a solution by dissolving two pounds of sulphate 

 of iron in five gallons of water and apply by sprinkling. 



